Journal of Medical Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences

  Pharmacovigilance is essential to clinical research and is a key element in guaranteeing the safety of medications. It is described as the study and practice of recognizing, evaluating, understanding, and averting adverse medication reactions or other problems.The goal of pharmacovigilance, a continuous monitoring procedure, is to identify and address safety concerns with medications that are currently on the market. The review's primary focus is on the purpose, necessity, and role of medicine regulation. Lately drug surveillance has been limited, mostly to identify previously undiscovered or unfavorable drug events that are not well understood. A lot of drug safety facilities are currently striving to monitor medication safety in this universal arena; yet, at the turn of the decade, medication surveillance faces significant obstacles in the area of improved drug administration and control. Pill security, global monitoring centers and their role, reach, necessity, cooperation, an...

  Hypertensive emergency is the severe increase in blood pressure that can cause end organ damage. The organs are usually brain, heart, eyes and kidney. Retinal blood vessels are harmed by persistent hypertension, which causes a number of anatomical abnormalities. Blindness or visual impairment may ensue if treatment is not received. These symptoms can be subtle and may not necessarily cause significant concern. However, the condition progresses, more advanced symptoms can develop including vision loss, distorted vision, retinal detachment and vitreous haemorrhage. Hypertensive crisis may also damage kidney. A 27 years old male patient with a past history of chronic hepatitis B suddenly developed blurring of vision and headache with elevated blood pressure of about 210/140 mmHg. Patient then was treated with injection labetalol. Labetalol effectively manages acute hypertensive crisis. Addition of other antihypertensives and diuretics paves way for the better management of patient’s...

  Cardiovascular diseases (CVD), primarily driven by hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia, represent a significant global health burden. Effective treatments for these conditions are often inaccessible, particularly in low-income populations, which underscores the importance of exploring alternative therapeutic approaches. This study investigates the anti-hyperlipidemic and anti-hyperglycemic effects of the ethyl acetate fraction from Raphanus sativus var. L. (white radish) in male Wistar rats. The fraction demonstrated significant cholesterol-lowering effects, reducing total serum cholesterol levels in hyperlipidemic rats from 216.4 ± 8.08 mg/dl to 110 ± 4.89 mg/dl. Additionally, it lowered blood glucose levels in hyperglycemic rats from 446.6 ± 46.19 mg/dl to 335 ± 69.31 mg/dl. These findings suggest that white radish extract, particularly the ethyl acetate fraction, holds potential as a natural therapeutic agent for managing hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia. https://jmpas.com/abstra...

  This study focuses on developing a nanocarrier-based aerosol formulation for the topical treatment of burns and diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs), which are often associated with severe complications like infections, amputations, and delayed healing. A Triple Antibiotic Topical Aerosol Spray (TATAS) containing Metronidazole, Mupirocin, and Norfloxacin was formulated to provide broad-spectrum antimicrobial coverage, sustained drug release, and enhanced patient compliance. Eudragit E100 and Isopropyl Myristate (IPM) were selected as the primary polymer and penetration enhancer, respectively, after compatibility and solubility studies. A 3² full factorial design was used to optimize the formulation. Among various batches, batch F7 demonstrated cumulative drug release rates of 79.45% (Metronidazole), 80.75% (Mupirocin), and 79.66% (Norfloxacin) over 24 hours. Physicochemical properties of F7, including a pH of 6.32, viscosity of 3.48 cps, and density of 0.798 g/ml, ensured stability and ea...

  Hypertension is now commonly treated with two or three-drug combinations, often using two drugs. So, a binary drug combination was selected for this analytical study. The formulation comprises Efonidipine HCl Ethanolate (EFN) and Telmisartan (TEL), which treat cardiovascular conditions such as hypertension. Amlodipine was used as the Internal Standard (IS) to develop and validate a new and reliable RP-HPLC analytical technique for the simultaneous analysis of EFN and TEL in human plasma. Method novelty, sensitivity, rapidity, precision, and accuracy were evaluated. https://jmpas.com/abstract/1355

  Lumbar traction is a widely utilized treatment option for lumbar disc herniation; however, the optimal traction dosage remains uncertain. This study intending to compare the immediate effects of varying traction weights on disc morphology and pain levels using real time MRI in individuals with Lumbar disc herniation, addressing a critical gap in clinical practice. in human plasma. Method novelty, sensitivity, rapidity, precision, and accuracy were evaluated. Three patients, (60-year-old female, a 60-year-old male, and a 64-year-old male), with diagnosed with posterior or posterolateral lumbar intervertebral disc herniation at the L4-L5 or L5-S1 levels were enrolled. Real time MRI used to assess were lumbar height and disc herniation, while pain intensity was evaluated using Visual analogue Scale (VAS). Traction was applied at three different weights: one fifth, one third and one half of each patient’s body weight. Measurements were taken before and after traction session. Tractio...

  Tobacco smoking is a primary contributor to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, significantly impairing respiratory health. Understanding the risks of smoking and the benefits of cessation is vital for improving patient outcomes. The study aims to provide smoking cessation interventions for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), assess smoking indices and cessation status, develop Patient Information Leaflets (PILs), enhance medication adherence, and establish comprehensive smoking cessation guidelines. This prospective interventional study was conducted at a super specialty hospital over 12 months. A total of 128 participants were recruited, equally divided into an intervention group and a control group. Participants completed a questionnaire assessing their knowledge and willingness to quit smoking, followed by personalized counseling. The intervention group received individualized quit smoking programs, PILs, and used the 'Breathe Easy Diary' to tra...

  Antibiotics are chemical substances that inhibit the growth of bacteria and other microbes. Antibiotics should cause minimal or no toxicity and should be effective against a particular infection. The early era of 1940-1960s is considered as golden age of antibiotics. Most of the antibiotics are becoming resistant to various bacteria, fungi and spores, leading to necessity of new antibiotics to combat resistance. Significant technological advances have provided researchers access to biological events and repositioned their mind set for antibiotic research. Target based screening, cell based adenosine diphosphates, genomics, high throughput screening, whole genome sequencing, bioinformatics based predictions, transcriptions and metabolic profiling are some of the innovative technologies used in antibiotics drug discovery. Research community is working tirelessly to discover newer antibiotic compounds due to its increasing demand. Discovery of newer antibiotics is based on symbiotic...

  Microbial polysaccharides are typical poly-carbohydrates those are abundant in many types of microorganisms. Because of their poly-carbohydrate nature microbial polysaccharides consist of long chain polymeric carbohydrates composed of monosaccharide units joined by glycosidic linkages. These microbial polysaccharides have high molecular weight and react with water by using amylase enzymes as catalyst. However, microbial polysaccharides are water soluble biopolymers but their rheological characteristics make them act like binders, coagulants, emulsifiers, biofilms, hydrogels, lubricants, stabilizers and thickening or suspension molecules. Microbial polysaccharides are derived from different microorganisms like bacteria, yeast, fungi and algae. Some of the examples of microbial polysaccharides are Gellan gum, Xanthan gum, Scleroglucan, Pullulan, Hyaluronic acid, Fucogel, Cholanic acid, Alginic acid, Bacterial cellulose, Dextran, Curdlan, Levan polysaccharide etc. Microbial polysacc...

  Advancements in biotechnology, genetics, and combinatorial chemistry are facilitating the development of a diverse array of novel, more effective and targeted therapies. The efficacy and commercialization potential of many new medications can be significantly influenced by drug delivery methods due to prevalent issues such limited solubility, high potency, and/or poor stability. Consequently, there is a want for safer and more efficient medication delivery systems and equipment. Drug delivery systems are engineered to administer a therapeutic agent in the requisite dosage, at the appropriate time, to the correct site within the body, thereby enhancing efficacy, improving compliance, and reducing side effects. Microspheres are typically free-flowing powders composed of proteins or biodegradable synthetic polymers, with an optimal particle size of less than 1000 µm. An effectively designed controlled drug delivery system can address some issues associated with conventional therapy ...

  This study investigates the formulation and evaluation of transdermal patches incorporating Morus nigra leaves extract for their potential anti-inflammatory effects. Utilizing a solvent casting method, various formulations were developed, and their physicochemical properties, including thickness uniformity, moisture content, folding endurance, and drug content percentage, were systematically assessed. The patches exhibited satisfactory characteristics, with formulation F-3 showing superior drug content and folding endurance. The findings suggest that Morus nigra leaves extract can be effectively incorporated into transdermal patches, providing a promising alternative for the management of inflammatory conditions. Future research will focus on optimizing formulation parameters and exploring clinical applications to enhance therapeutic efficacy. https://jmpas.com/abstract/1349

  Although it is established that scarring following a mastectomy affects shoulder mechanics, there is a scarcity of research available. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a combined intervention of scapular strengthening exercises and scar tissue management techniques on posture and scapulohumeral rhythm in women following unilateral mastectomy. A total of 28 participants who meet the inclusion criteria will be recruited for the study. The participants will be randomly divided into two groups, one group will receive cupping therapy for scar management while the other group will receive Cyriax deep friction massage. Both the groups will receive scapular strengthening exercises. The intervention will be performed and supervised by qualified physiotherapists. This research is distinctive as it combines two essential, but often separately examined rehabilitation aspects which are scapular strengthening exercises and scar management methods, to tackle postural and scapulo...

  Feminine hygiene products are widely used for personal care, yet their antimicrobial properties, particularly against fungal pathogens like Candida albicans, require further exploration. Vaginal infections, particularly those caused by Candida albicans, are a major health concern among women of all age groups. These infections manifest as itching, burning, vaginal pain, swelling, and abnormal discharge, significantly impacting women's quality of life. The use of polyherbal formulations offers a promising alternative to conventional antifungal treatments due to their synergistic therapeutic effects. This study focuses on the optimization of a polyherbal feminine hygiene wash using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) to enhance its antifungal efficacy against Candida albicans. The formulation was prepared using ethyl acetate extracts of Acacia nilotica, Butea monosperma, and Terminalia bellirica in a hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) gel base. In the present investigation a compa...

  Hysterectomy is a commonly performed gynecological surgery, but postoperative complications remain a significant concern. This study aimed to assess the impact of antibiotic prophylaxis, obesity, comorbidities, and surgical techniques on post-hysterectomy complications. This prospective observational study was conducted over a total of 50 women undergoing different types of hysterectomies, who were enrolled. Patient data, including age, BMI, comorbidities, type of hysterectomy, antibiotic usage, and postoperative complications, were collected from medical records and patient follow-ups. Statistical analysis was performed using the Chi-square test, with p < 0.05 considered significant. Women aged 41–60 years constituted the majority of hysterectomy patients, with abdominal hysterectomy (38%) being the most frequently performed procedure. However, it was associated with higher postoperative complications, including pain (84%), swelling (68%), and bowel disturbances (47%). In con...

  Analytical procedures for oral solid dosage forms are necessary to comply various validation criteria which mainly are the accuracy, precision, specificity, robustness, and limit of detection. For the Fidaxomicin tablets for oral suspension, we have checked all these parameters to ensure the efficacy of the formulation. In this research article, all above parameters are tested in line with The International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH), and United States Food and Drug Administration (USFDA) guidelines and results are reported in a scientific manner. https://jmpas.com/abstract/1345

  The treatment options for diabetes mellitus and their prescribing have increased over years. This needs appropriate selection of drugs. The main objective of this study was to highlight the current prescribing trends in diabetes mellitus patients at Medak District, Telangana State A prospective observational study was conducted on outpatient and inpatients admitted at tertiary care hospital. The study included a cohort of 100 individuals who sought of medical care Prescriptions of the patients are collected in a designed questionnaire form and the relevant information is recorded and analysed. The analysis primarily examined the parameters such as the proportion of anti-diabetic medications prescribed, the predominant class and type of anti-diabetic medications prescribed. 100 patients’ prescription patterns were studied, out of which were males and females most of the patients were in the age group of 41-60. Hypertension was the most commonly found co-morbid condition. Rapid act...

  Garlic extract is known to have distinct antibacterial activity and synergistic effect with various antibacterial agents. This study was carried out to evaluate synergistic activity of garlic extract with antibiotics against uropathogenic gram-negative bacteria isolated from patients with symptomatic urinary tract infection. Gram negative bacterial isolates with significant bacteriuria (>10,000 CFU/ml) recovered on urine culture from patients with symptomatic UTI were included in the study. Biochemical identification antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed as per standard microbiology procedures. The synergy of garlic extract with antibiotics was determined by disc diffusion method. A total of 92 bacterial isolates, including 54 multi-drug resistant bacterial isolates, were obtained from 53 female and 39 male patients. Escherichia coli was the most common (55.4%), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (25%), Non-fermenter gram negative bacilli (9.8%), Citrobacter spp (7.6%)...

  Non-thermal plasma (NTP) represents an innovative approach in combating antimicrobial resistance, particularly when conventional chemical agents show limited efficacy. This study evaluated the susceptibility of clinically significant pathogens to NTP treatment, examining both direct plasma exposure and plasma-activated water (PAW) applications. The investigation encompassed 15 bacterial strains, including 10 drug-resistant clinical isolates and 5 standard clinical isolates, with a focus on determining optimal treatment parameters and antimicrobial efficacy. Systematic evaluation of exposure parameters included direct NTP application and PAW treatment across various time intervals (15-240 seconds). Complete bacterial inactivation was achieved within 15-30 seconds of direct NTP exposure for all tested species (initial concentration 109 CFU/mL). Notably, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) exhibited particular sensitivity to NTP treatment, demonstrating a statisticall...

  A planer chromatographic method capable of indicating the stability of the empagliflozin was developed and validated. Separations were achieved on the silica gel 60F254 as the planar stationary phase and a solvent mixture comprising of Chloroform, Toluene, Methyl alcohol, and Methanolic acid mixed in a proportion of 8:4:2:0.1 v/v/v/v. Examination of the band developed for empagliflozin indicated a densito metric value with an retardation factor of 0.33±0.02. The calibration data analysis through linear regression showed a statistically significant correlation (R2 > 0.990) between peak area and concentration covering concentrations from 100 to 700 ng applied to the spot. The method was validated to check if it was accurate, precise, linear, and robust following the International Council for Harmonization guidelines. Detection and quantitation limit of the method also were determined. Empagliflozin was further subjected to forced degradation followed by analysis using the propos...

  The life sciences have experienced a significant increase in the utilization of artificial intelligence (AI) in pharmaceutical research and drug delivery. The amalgamation of AI technology with human expertise has resulted in the rapid analysis and interpretation of genetic and biological data, leading to the acceleration of drug discovery processes and the identification of novel molecules. AI algorithms have also been employed to optimize drug development and delivery systems, predict disease progression, and evaluate drug candidates' pharmacological profiles. Additionally, AI has played a critical role in personalized medicine, scrutinizing patient data to customize treatments and improve patient outcomes. Although challenges still persist, sustained investments and exploration hold the promise of a fascinating future for healthcare and pharmaceuticals, with AI potentially revolutionizing pharmaceutical processes, reducing expenses, and enhancing patient care. https://jmpas.co...

  Spices are an important commercial crop in India. These Spices constitute an essential group of agricultural commodities. A spice is a seed, fruit, root, bark, and also other plant substance with an aromatic or strong taste used to enhance the flavor of foods. Spices like leaves, flowers, or stems of plants are used for flavoring and garnish. Spices are sometimes used in medicine, religious rituals, cosmetics, or perfume production there are over 80 pieces grown in different parts of the world, and around 50 pieces are grown in India. In India, abundant quantities of spices are pepper, ginger, turmeric, chili, cardamom, fenugreek, dill, cumin ajowan, cinnamon, clove, nutmeg and mace. Spices and herbs are plant-derived substances that add flavor to any dish. This study was carried out on the five spices, star anise family Schisandraceae, Mace family Myristicaceae, Black pepper family Piperaceae, Eugenia caryophyllata, family Myrtaceae, Caraway seeds, family Apiaceae, and to determ...

  Recent advancements in biotechnology have revolutionized the development of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). offering highly targeted therapies with fewer side effects compared to conventional treatments. As of 2024, several mAbs have been approved for import and marketing in India. Notable approvals include enfortumab vedotin for advanced urothelial cancer, nivolumab for metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and non-small cell lung cancer, and guselkumab for active psoriatic arthritis. Furthermore, advancements in monoclonal antibody development techniques such as hybridoma technology, genetically engineered monoclonal antibodies, and phage display have resulted in the creation of highly specific antibodies. Enfortumab vedotin, for example, is an antibodydrug conjugate developed using hybridoma technology, while nivolumab is a fully human IgG4 monoclonal antibody engineered thr ough genetic modifications. This review highlights the role of monoclonal antibodies in transform...

  Synthetic polymers, celebrated for their superior mechanical properties and thermal stability, have become indispensable in fields such as medicine, packaging, and electronics. However, their poor biodegradability presents a major environmental challenge, significantly contributing to the escalating global plastic waste crisis. In contrast, biopolymers, derived from renewable resources, offer distinct advantages such as biodegradability and biocompatibility. These materials are gaining prominence in controlled drug delivery systems, tissue engineering, and environmental applications, aligning seamlessly with the principles of green chemistry and sustainable development. Despite these promising features, the extensive application of biopolymers is hindered by several challenges. High production costs, limited scalability, and comparatively weaker mechanical properties restrict their utilization in broader industrial applications. Furthermore, advancements in biopolymer technology ...

  In a standard pathology lab or when it aids in clinical diagnosis and patient care, monoclonal antibodies act effectively. In order to provide a better understanding and provide a therapeutic strategy for rheumatoid arthritis, the synthesis and applications of monoclonal antibodies are discussed in this article. A monoclonal antibody therapy targets foreign substances that are damaging to the body and imitates the immune system's normal reaction. In both contemporary and future medical practice, monoclonal antibodies represent a potent kind of therapy. There are different types of monoclonal antibodies which are Murine, secondly the Chimeric, thirdly Humanized, Human. A monoclonal antibody that targets the pathogenic cytokine and cellular components present in the RA synovium is the most common type of biologic created to date. All of the immune cells are clones of a single parent cell, known as immune cells, create monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), which are monospecific antibodies....

  The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the remineralization potential of a formulated non fluoridated gape seed Proanthocyanidin rich dentifrice with commercially available fluoridated and non-fluoridated dentifrices on primary teeth in an invitro environment. Sixty freshly extracted primary molars were demineralized using glacial acetic acid for four days and then divided into four groups (n=15). Group I: No remineralization treatment (control); Group II: Sodium monofluorophosphate dentifrice; Group III: Casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate(CPP-ACP); Group IV: Proanthocyanidins dentifrice from grape seed extract. All treatments were applied for 3 minutes, twice daily, over 14 days. Teeth were immersed in artificial saliva during the remineralization period. Vickers enamel microhardness (VEMH) testing and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were performed at baseline, post-demineralization, and post-remineralization. Statistical analysis was conducted...

  Now a day’s many people are affected by diabetes- a chronic disorder, treated by using synthetic medicines which needs long-term therapy. To avoid patient inconvenience and side effects, many researchers are getting active ingredients from natural sources. Nyctanthes arbor- tristis, A old traditional plant with number of medicinal values. It is having pharmacological activities like antibacterial, anti-allergy, anti-anxiety, anti-inflammatory, anti-malarial, anti-leishmanial, anti-microbial, anti-parasitic, anti-aggressive, CNS depressant, anti-pyretic, hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic. The purpose of this research work is to find out the antidiabetic activity of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis flower petals. From literature review we found that there was no report on Alpha- amylase inhibition activity of methanolic extract of Nyctanthes arbor- tristis flower petals. The methanolic extraction of Nyctanthes arbor- tristis flower petals having phytochemicals like Flavanoids, glycosides, alk...

  Diabetes mellitus is a chronic condition characterized by hyperglycemia and associated with oxidative stress, leading to various complications. Natural plant extracts, rich in bioactive compounds, have been explored for their antidiabetic and antioxidant properties. This study investigates the therapeutic potential of Binahong leaf extract (BLE) in managing diabetes and oxidative stress. The hypoglycemic effect of BLE was evaluated in a 30-day study, where diabetic-induced rats were treated with varying doses of BLE (100, 150, and 300 mg/kg). The effects on blood glucose levels, lipid profiles, and the activities of antioxidative enzymes (superoxide dismutase [SOD], glutathione peroxidase [GPx], and catalase) were measured and compared to normal and diabetic controls. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents of BLE were also quantified to correlate with the observed effects. BLE treatment resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in blood glucose levels, with the highest dose restor...

  Magnolia griffithii Hook. f. and Thompson, belongs to the family Magnoliaceae, is an endemic and threatened plant species of Assam, North-east India. However, its population has declined rapidly from its natural habitat due to overexploitation of the plant species. Additionally, very little information is still available on the taxonomy, distribution pattern or microbial ecology of the said species. There is also very less information about the diversity, bioprospection and commercial values of the species. In the current investigation, the phytochemical constituents of the methanolic extract of M. griffithii leaves were analysed qualitatively using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Qualitative estimation of the biochemical metabolites was done and the following compounds were found viz. alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, lignin etc. Quantitative analysis revealed the existence of phenol content as 1411.5 mgg-1, flavonoid content as 50.65 mgg-1 and flavonol content as 24...

  Antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) are small synthetic nucleic acids designed to bind RNA and modulate gene expression. They have significant therapeutic potential for treating genetic and acquired diseases, especially in cancer and hereditary disorders. Their primary mechanisms include RNA cleavage, mediated by RNase H1 or RNA interference (RNAi), and RNA blockage via steric hindrance or splice modulation. First-generation modifications, such as phosphorothioate linkage, and more advanced forms like locked nucleic acids (LNA) and peptide nucleic acids (PNA) have improved their pharmacokinetics and binding affinity. ASOs have achieved success in treating diseases like spinal muscular atrophy and Duchenne muscular dystrophy, with several FDA-approved drugs. https://jmpas.com/abstract/1318

  About 275,000 occurrences of acute pancreatitis (AP), an inflammatory disease of the pancreas, were recorded in the US in 2009. AP frequently results in hospitalization. It has a 1-5% mortality rate and can be caused by a variety of factors, with gallstones and excessive alcohol usage accounting for 70–80% of cases. Pancreatic hyperstimulation and bile duct obstruction are the causes of biliary pancreatitis, which is more frequent in women. Both chronic and acute pancreatitis are made more likely by alcohol use, with long-term alcohol use making the pancreas more sensitive to other variables such as smoking or high-fat diets. Significant risk factors include obesity and hypertriglyceridemia; around 10% of instances of acute pancreatitis are caused by elevated triglyceride levels, which may harm pancreatic cells. Post-procedure pancreatitis can also result from endoscopic procedures such as endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Despite being uncommon, drug-induced...

  Topical drug delivery systems involve applying formulations directly to the skin to treat various skin diseases, providing a localized therapeutic effect while minimizing systemic side effects. However, conventional gel formulations often face challenges in delivering hydrophobic drugs effectively due to their limited solubilizing capacity and poor drug permeability. To address these limitations, a novel approach called emulgel combines the advantages of gels and emulsions, enhancing the delivery of hydrophobic drugs through the skin. This study focuses on the development and evaluation of an herbal emulgel formulated using extracts of Curcuma longa, Tinospora cardifolia, and Salacia chinensis, known for their antimicrobial and therapeutic properties. The prepared various batches for the formulation underwent rigorous assessment for various parameters, including physical appearance, pH, homogeneity, spreadability, viscosity, centrifugation stability, and in vitro drug release ana...

  Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is a severe and life-threatening condition marked by acute lung injury, poor oxygenation, and significant inflammatory responses. Despite advancements in supportive care, including mechanical ventilation and pharmacotherapy, ARDS remains challenging to treat, with high mortality rates globally. This case series discusses a novel approach to ARDS management using Healzen’s "Pro Therapeutic Protocol," which leverages natural medicinal products rooted in Phyto-Kinetics principles. These products include immunoglobulins from cow colostrum, Ayurvedic formulations, and potent antioxidants like spirulina and curcumin, designed to enhance immune function, reduce inflammation, and support overall recovery. Clinical case studies demonstrate the protocol's effectiveness, showing marked improvements in vital signs, respiratory function, inflammatory markers, and clotting activity across five multiple patients. The outcomes suggest that the...

  Nicotine, is an alkaloid found in different amounts ranging from 2% to 14% in the leaves of Nicotiana rustica, Nicotiana tobacum, Duboisia hopwoodii, and Asclepias syriaca. The main perspective of this work is to extract and isolate nicotine from various brands of paan masala and perform chemical test and analytical studies on it. UV and IR parameters are applied for the purpose of standardization of it, after the isolation. Then the method development through UV is done and is compared with the standard nicotine solution. The approach is suitable for use in the regular analysis of nicotine and does not result in any influence from excipients. A straightforward method that makes use of UV-visible spectrophotometry and may produce accurate results has been developed for detecting the quantity of nicotine that is included in a nicotine gum. A linear response was observed when the levels of nicotine concentration were studied, which ranged from 0.2 to 2.4 micrograms per millilitre. ...

  This study investigated the efficacy and safety of acetazolamide treatment in patients with congestive heart failure. Various parameters including age distribution, gender distribution, weight changes, comorbidities, symptoms, cardiac function, and quality of life were analysed to assess the impact of acetazolamide. This study included 70 patients within the age range of 21-85 years with a slight male predominance (47%) compared to females (53%) in gender distribution. Statistical analyses revealed significant differences between the test and control groups in weight changes, symptoms such as shortness of breath (SOB), and distribution of symptoms including crepts, cough, pedal edema, and pleural effusion. Additionally, significant improvements were observed in clinical outcomes such as left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), quality of life measured by Minnesota Living Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ), and distribution of outcomes such as incomplete decongestion, mortality...

  Avocado (Persea americana Mill.) is a medicinal plant that can grow in sub-tropical areas in Indonesia. The leafs are used in traditional medicine. The interaction between bacteria in plant and plant tissues provides an opportunity for a natural source of antimicrobial substances. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of endophytic bacteria from Avocado (P. americana Mill.) leaf and how the activity of endophytic bacteria against Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 3223. The method used in this research is descriptive by testing the antibacterial activity using the Kirby Bauer method. The selected isolates were confirmed molecularly with the 16S rRNA gene. Ten bacterial isolates were found from 3 genera of them Bacillus, Pseudomonas and Staphylococcus. The results of the activity test of ten isolates of endophytic bacteria could againts S. epidermidis ATCC 3223 which was characterized by the presence of a clear zone around the disc. The diameter of the inhibi...

  The effective management of thromboembolic disorders heavily rely on oral anticoagulants. Attaining the best control, monitoring, and patient compliance with anticoagulation therapy is crucial for ensuring its safe and effective application. This study sought to compare the efficacy and safety outcome between clinics led by pharmacists and those led by physicians for anticoagulation management. The study evaluated two primary endpoints: the proportion of international normalized ratio values within the target range (%TTR) for warfarin treatment and the appropriateness of DOAC therapy. Secondary endpoints encompassed the percentage of time spent within the preferred INR range, occurrences of significant bleeding, and instances of thrombosis necessitating visits to the emergency department or hospitalisations. The primary endpoints were %TTR for warfarin and the appropriateness of DOAC therapy. Secondary outcomes assessed safety through bleeding and thrombotic events. The pharmacis...

  Urolithiasis is the stone formation in the urinary tract, affects an estimated 33% of the world's population with the male being the common victim due to hormonal causes. The condition results from a variety of causes like dietary habits, genetic predispositions, metabolic disturbances, and environmental factors. Among all types of kidney stones, calcium oxalate is most commonly found, followed by struvite, uric acid, and cystine stones. These can be very common symptoms for someone diagnosed with urolithiasis. There are some medicinal, surgical, and herbal therapies to treat the ailment. The allopathic treatments have ranged from drugs like thiazides and potassium citrate for controlling the symptom, and ESWL for severe stones, to more drastic surgical interventions like PCNL. side effect includes stomach discomfort or even rashes on the skin. Herbal remedies, such as Tribulus terrestris and Berberis vulgaris, provide an adjunctive therapy due to their nephroprotective, anti-lit...

  Amaranthus retroflexus, a member of the Amaranthaceae family often regarded as an agricultural weed, has emerged as a plant of pharmacological interest. Its rich phytochemical composition, including polyphenols, flavonoids, sesquiterpenes, and glucosides, underpins its potent antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer activities. Notable compounds such as rutin and Amarantholidols exhibit strong antioxidant properties, suggesting potential roles in combating oxidative stress. The plant has shown antimicrobial efficacy against various pathogens and preliminary anticancer effects through cytotoxicity on cancer cell lines. However, A. retroflexus is highly toxic to livestock, with nephrotoxic, myocardiotoxic, and oxalate-related effects causing acute renal failure and significant mortality in animals. This duality of medicinal potential and toxicological risk highlights the need for cautious exploration. Comprehensive research is necessary to elucidate its mechanisms of action, mini...

  Centella asiatica, also known as Gotu kola or Indian pennywort, has been used in traditional medicine systems like Ayurveda and Traditional Chinese Medicine. Recently, it has gained global recognition, especially in Korean skincare, due to its active components, such as asiaticoside, madecassoside, and triterpenoids, which promote wound healing, antioxidant protection, and anti-aging effects. Aloe vera, a succulent used medicinally for over 5,000 years across various cultures, contains over 70 biologically active compounds with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and healing properties. A randomized trial has shown its effectiveness in treating plaque psoriasis. This study aims to formulate a gel combining triterpene compounds from Centella asiatica with Aloe vera to enhance wound healing in diabetic patients. Triterpenes were extracted from Centella asiatica using ethanol via the maceration method, while Aloe vera's bio-enhancing properties improved absorption. The gel, formulated w...

  Gait in Parkinson’s disease is characterized by reduced stride length, speed and cadence which is due to lack of internal cueing, thus to compensate external cues are required. The treadmill helps to normalize gait parameters and rhythm by acting as an external cue. The main objective of this study was to determine the effect of treadmill speed and inclination variants on gait parameters in patients with Parkinson's disease. Based on the inclusion criteria, six participants for this study were recruited. Their average comfortable walking speed was assessed and divided into three categories as 80%, 100%, and 120%. There was a treadmill intervention where the inclination percentage was zero for the first week and the comfortable walking speed (CWS) on Day 1 was 80%, 100% on Day 2, and 120% on Day 3. With the same treatment, the inclination percentage was increased to 6% and 9% in the second and third weeks. Pre- Post speed and stride length was evaluated. A slight mean improvement ...

  In today fast-paced world, the demand for efficient and effective medication delivery system is on rise, with the advancement of new technologies. In the field of contemporary medicine, drug delivery system plays a critical role, one of them system which gain widespread attention and recognition in the world is gastro retentive drug delivery system.1 But the question is how did this idea become a profitable reality? In this article we will explore the journey of Gastro retentive drug delivery system from conception to its success in the market, potential impact and upcoming possibilities (future prospective) of Gastro retentive drug delivery system and we discuss the physiological state of stomach, recently applied gastro retentive drug delivery system technologies, along with their merits and demerits. Overall, this review may inform whole concept about gastro retentive drug delivery system from beginning to conclusion. https://jmpas.com/abstract/1303

  ChatGPT, an advanced AI language model, has emerged as a versatile tool with promising applications in medicine, particularly in the Complementary and Alternative Medicine [CAM]. This review provides ChatGPT's overview on applications, limitations ,advantages, and ethical considerations in medicine, with a specific focus on its role in CAM. By synthesizing insights from existing literature, this review highlights the opportunities and challenges associated with leveraging Chat GPT in CAM practices. ChatGPT enhances patient education, supports healthcare professionals, offers personalized recommendations, and assists researchers by summarizing and interpreting scientific literature. It also facilitates patient engagement and community building, promotes the integration of CAM along with conventional medicine, and ensures adherence to ethical guidelines and safety standards. However, limitations and ethical concerns, such as data quality, misinformation risks, patient privacy, and ...

  This research provides valuable insights into the factors influencing weight gain during pregnancy and its implications for newborn health. Women with anemia are encouraged to gain more weight during pregnancy than those without anemia to mitigate risks associated with low weight gain, such as intrauterine growth retardation and prenatal death. Pre-pregnancy nutritional status (indicated by BMI) also plays a crucial role in determining weight gain during pregnancy, highlighting the importance of addressing nutrition prior to conception. Pregnant women, particularly those with low hemoglobin levels or low pre-pregnancy BMI, should receive targeted nutritional support to enhance weight gain and overall health. Regular monitoring of hemoglobin levels and nutritional status is essential for early identification of women at risk of inadequate weight gain or anemia. Health practitioners should provide personalized weight gain targets based on individual BMI and nutritional status, prom...

  Four-o’clock plant, scientifically named as Mirabilis jalapa, has gained significant attention for both its ornamental beauty and its medicinal properties, widely utilized as folk remedies. It is a plant grown in the warm climate as a species and showed different pharmacological effects in various therapeutic sectors such as neuroprotective and anxiolytic. Using PubMed, Web of Science Semantic Scholar and Google Scholar and the search terms Mirabilis jalapa phytochemicals; neuroprotection; anxiolytic effect; traditional medicine; flavonoids; alkaloids and neurological disorders literature supporting the medicinal role of Mirabilis jalapa were sourced. The members of Mirabilis jalapa contain flavonoids, alkaloids, triterpenes leaves and saponin through which it provides possibility for the neuroprotection feature. According to research, extracts of the plant can help prevent oxidative stress, a major factor in illnesses including Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s. Animal studies reveal ...

  Chronic metabolic diseases like diabetes mellitus have a huge terrible effect on a society's health and monetary system. because there are various issues with the treatment this is now available. it is important to search for trade remedies. A aggregate of natural and allopathic remedy can be an effective remedy as an possibility to available treatment. therefore, the purpose of this take a look at have turn out to be to take a look at the combination anti-diabetic outcomes of Glibenclamide and “aloe vera” extract in experimental animals. The antihyperglycemic pastime turned into assessed using an oral glucose tolerance take a look at and diabetes brought about using manner of the use of streptozotocin (STZ) & excessive fat weight loss plan (HFD) version in rats. Wister rats were divided into 5 organizations. business enterprise I was dealt with with a normal pallet diet regime. group II come to be given HFD and streptozotocin. employer III has come to be given HFD &Strep...

  The advent of digital pills and smart drug delivery systems marks a transformative era in precision medicine. This review explores the integration of digital technologies in pharmaceutical therapies, focusing on how these innovations enhance patient adherence, optimize therapeutic outcomes, and provide real-time data for healthcare providers. By leveraging advanced materials and microelectronics, digital pills have the potential to track ingestion patterns, monitor physiological responses, and personalize treatment regimens, facilitating a move away from one-size-fits-all approaches. We discuss the technological advancements driving this revolution, such as ingestible sensors, automated dosage dispensers, and mobile health applications. Additionally, we address the challenges and ethical considerations surrounding the use of digital pills in clinical practice, including data privacy, patient consent, and the implications for healthcare equity. This comprehensive review underscore...

  The most significant organ in the body, the skin is also where many drugs are administered. Many benefits, including averting first-pass liver metabolism, maintaining a steady levels of plasma, safety, as well as complying over oral or parenteral methods, come with drug delivery via the skin. A few of the microscale physical improvements that significantly broadens the range of medications available for through the skin and intradermal application is the use of microneedles. Microneedles are delineate to pierce the stratum corneum, the topmost layer of the skin, deprive of giving rise to considerable exertion or tissue destruction. They are consistently tens to hundreds of micrometres in size. An array of goods, for instance silicon, polymers, and stainless steel, has been utilized to create solid, coated, hollow, and dissolvable microneedles. Meanwhile, because of their superior biocompatibility, reduced preparation expense, and strong mechanical qualities, biodegradable polymer...

  The indiscriminate usage of antibiotics in treatment and animal feed has led to the development of pan and multi drug resistance. The developing resistance in addition to the mortality had skewed the minds of researchers in search of newer antimicrobial agents. Among the native plants, one with potent antibacterial activity is Neem (Azadirachta indica). The leaves, bark, flowers, fruits, seed, and gum of the neem tree are utilised for various beneficial effects. The clinical samples including pus, urine, aspirate, sputum was sent to the microbiology department. The Gram negative Multi drug resistant organisms were included in the study. Around 210 isolates were obtained during the study period out of which 66 (31.4%) isolates were MDR. The synergistic effect of Neem extract was evaluated which showed a significant change in the susceptibility as intermediate range to susceptible range, resistant to intermediate and resistant to sensitive. The Neem extract has better antibacterial...

  Functionalized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have emerged as promising tools for targeted cancer therapy due to their unique physicochemical properties and tunable surface chemistry. Research has highlighted hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) as a significant global health concern, ranking as the fifth most prevalent cancer and the third leading cause of mortality worldwide. Despite advancements in diagnosis and treatment, effectively combating this disease remains challenging. Therefore, there is a pressing need to explore novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Cancer nanotechnology has emerged as a promising field in medicine, aiming to revolutionize cancer diagnosis and treatment. Gold nanoparticles (GNPs/AuNPs) have garnered considerable attention due to their biocompatibility, ability to undergo surface modifications with various ligands, and exceptional optical properties, offering potential avenues for innovation in cancer management. In the present study, the potential of ...

  Process Analytical Technology (PAT) has revolutionized manufacturing by providing real-time insights into process parameters. This guide delves into the synergistic potential of AI and PAT, offering a comprehensive overview of their integration. It explores the way AI algorithms can enhance data analysis, prediction, and control complex manufacturing processes. The document provides a fundamental understanding of AI concepts relevant to PAT, including machine learning, deep learning, and computer vision. Real-world case studies help to illustrate the practical application of AI in diverse industries, such as pharmaceuticals, chemicals, and food processing. By highlighting the benefits of AI-driven PAT, such as improved product quality, increased efficiency, and reduced costs, this guide empowers readers to harness the power of AI for process optimization and innovation. The objective of this review is to provide a base for establishing the regulatory guidelines and adaptation of ...

  Healthcare professionals have particular difficulties while performing high-risk obstetric procedures, such as hysterectomies for excessive bleeding, cesarean sections in complex pregnancies, and surgery for ectopic pregnancies. In order to guarantee the safety and wellbeing of the mother and the fetus, perioperative nursing is essential. The purpose of this review is to highlight important nurse interventions, possible side effects, and evidence-based procedures that enhance surgical outcomes in high-risk obstetric situations. The results highlight the significance of important nurse interventions, thorough patient evaluations, and multidisciplinary cooperation throughout the perioperative phase. https://jmpas.com/abstract/1294

  Nano-technology has revolutionized the pharmaceutical industry, offering a plethora of tools and strategies for drug discovery and development. This review paper delves into the transformative role of nano-materials, particularly nano-particles, in enhancing therapeutic efficacy and overcoming limitations associated with conventional drug delivery systems. We explore how nano-technology facilitates targeted drug delivery, improving drug bio-availability and reducing undesirable side effects. Additionally, the review sheds light on the application of nano-technology in diagnostics and disease imaging, enabling earlier and more accurate disease detection. Furthermore, the paper discusses the ongoing research efforts in utilizing nano-particles for gene therapy and personalized medicine. We address the challenges and considerations surrounding the implementation of nano-technology in pharmaceuticals, including potential safety concerns and regulatory hurdles. Finally, the review con...

  Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most prevalent subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, characterized by aggressive behavior and significant heterogeneity. Understanding the causes, pathology, and emerging treatments for DLBCL is essential for improving patient outcomes. This review synthesizes current research on the causes, molecular pathology, and novel treatment strategies for DLBCL, drawing on data from recent clinical trials, genetic studies, and advancements in therapeutic approaches. Genetic mutations such as translocations involving BCL-2, BCL-6, and MYC genes, along with chronic infections and immune deficiencies, are key risk factors for DLBCL. Pathologically, DLBCL can be classified into germinal center B-cell-like (GCB) and activated B-cell-like (ABC) subtypes, with differing prognoses. Emerging treatments include targeted therapies like BTK inhibitors (ibrutinib) and BCL-2 inhibitors (venetoclax), immunotherapies such as CAR T-cell therapy, and epigenetic modul...

  India is a major exporter of medicinal products in the world. India's pharmaceutical sector has grown significantly to contribute largely to the GDP of the nation because of its rapidly expanding economy and abundance of highly skilled labor. However, exporting pharmaceuticals to markets that are subject to regulations can be a difficult procedure that requires a lot of paperwork. This all-inclusive handbook will assist in navigating the documentation and export regulatory requirements for pharmaceutical exports from India to regulated markets. It also provides export projections for the future, enabling exporters to adapt their export strategy. This handbook will give you the knowledge needed to be successful in the pharmaceutical export business, regardless of whether an experienced exporter or a recent entry into the market. A study on Indian Pharmaceutical Exporter together with future forecasts and SWOT Analysis of Indian Pharmaceutical manufacturers. https://jmpas.com/abstr...