Journal of Medical Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences

  As hypertension, almost 90% of cases of hypertension with an unknown origin called essential hypertension, continue to be one of the most important risk factors for various fatal health conditions, its early diagnosis using trustworthy biomarkers to predict, diagnose, and monitor the therapeutic progress of hypertension is proving to be of utmost importance for the preventive as well as curative purpose of various health hazards. A rise in the activity of biochemical markers of endothelial dysfunction and blood lipids, notablyLow-density lipoprotein (LDL) andverylow-density lipoprotein(VLDL)measurements, and inflammation markers including C-reactive protein(CRP), cytokines, and adhesion molecules are linked to the development of hypertension. Growth and differentiation factor-15, red cell distribution width, uric acid, creatinine, inflammatory markers including interleukin-6, angiopoietins, and microRNAs are prognostic indicators in individuals with pulmonary arterial hypertensio...

  Marine sponge Haliclona sp. was examined for its anticancer potential focusing on the antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic properties against HCT116 (colon) cancer cell line. The 16 fractions obtained from Haliclona sp. were subjected to antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic evaluation via MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay and Caspase-Glo 3/7 assay, respectively, at 30 μg/mL concentration. Fractions 10, 13, 14, and 15 exhibited a significant decrease (p < 0> 50�ll viability) against HCT116. Only fraction 8 showed a significant increase (p < 0.05) in relative light unit (RLU) and fold change (FC) (1809.78 and 2.42), more than two times larger, compared to the negative control (754.89 RLU and 1.00 FC). This result demands further study on fraction 8 to identify and characterize the structure of the compounds responsible for its bioactivity and hence could be a source of drug leads. https://jmpas.com/abstract/1169

  MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a key role in disease manifestation, metabolic processes and immune regulation and modulation of the host. MiRNAs can be found in abundance in fecal samples of humans and are present in intracellular, extracellular fluid and extracellular vesicles. Abundance of miRNAs is found to be in ileal lumen as compared to the colon, whereas gut microbiota is more in colon, not in ileum. Still the effect of miRNA is found where the gut microbiota is more, which is by co-localizing with the nucleic acid of the bacteria. Some human miRNAs can regulate the non-coding RNAs in bacterial species like Escherichia coli and Fusobacterium nucleatum by entering into the bacterial cell in the intestine. By repressing the activity of the noncoding RNAs of intestinal bacterial species, human miRNAs bring about the increase or decrease in population of gut microbiota. With the change in the population of the certain microbiota species in the intestine, the host becomes more suscept...

  Meclizine Hydrochloride belongs to class H1 antagonist, antiemetic and anti-vertigo in nature, it is a Biopharmaceutical classification system (BCS) class II drug and is practically insoluble in water. The bottom-up approach was used in the formulation of nanosuspension in which methanol and millipore water was used as solvent and anti-solvent respectively, the stabilizers used for preparation were Polyvinylpyrrolidone K30 (PVP K30) and Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose E15 (HPMC E15) which were found to be compatible with the formulation after Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) studies. Mouth dissolving films were formulated by solvent casting method using glycerine lubricated petri dish and were kept for heating in a hot air oven at 45°C overnight. Characterization of nanosuspension-loaded mucoadhesive mouth dissolving films was done by evaluating various characteristics, the highest drug content was found to be 92.43±0.49% in Mouth dissol...

  The objective of the research work was to determine the oxygen saturation (SpO2) in women of childbearing age who live at altitudes greater than 2800 meters above sea l evel (m.a.s.l) Huancavelica 2021. The study was observational, prospective, cross-sectional, in 151 healthy women of childbearing age, from 18 to 49 years old, the SpO2 was evaluated, through a pulse oximeter, to all women who attended the consultation between July and August of the year 2021, women without cardiopulmonary pathology were considered within the study group and those who accepted take part. Results: the average of the SpO2, of those who live between 2819 - 3499 m.a.s.l. is 93.72% and between 3500 - 4200 m.a.s.l., it is 90.85%; the minimum SpO2 was 85% and 83% respectively, the maximum SpO2 was 99% in both altitude floors. According to age, 92.91% were between 18 and 19 years old, 93.09�tween 20 and 34 years old, and 91.74�tween 35 and 49 years old. The average SpO2 of the pregnant women was 92.29% an...

  Pain and inflammation are the major devastating health problems commonly treated with NSAIDs. NSAIDs are regularly employed to relieve pain and inflammation. However, the 1,2,4-triazole derivatives have been scientifically evaluated for their use in relieving pain and inflammation. The current research plan is to explore the analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties of 1,2,4-triazole derivatives. 1,2,4-triazoles was tested for their anti-inflammatory properties using carrageenan and formalin-induced paw oedema, acetic acid-induced writhing investigation, while its peripheral and central analgesic actions were assessed using the hot plate method and Carrageenan induced Air Pouch model respectively. The test compounds were administrated at dose of 55 mg/Kg. The standard Diclofenac drug was administrated at dose of 10 mg/Kg for Acetic acid induced writhing investigation, Anti-inflammatory activity and 10 mg/Kg dose of pentazocine was administrated for hot plate method. Rats given w...

  Currently, early detection of neonatal pathologies is fundamental to permanently eliminating the resulting disabilities. It represents a governmental priority. The aim of this study is to describe the response of health professionals to the need for early detection of disabling neonatal pathologies, and the factors that influence this answer and propose areas for improvement. The study adopted a descriptive and exploratory type, multicentric and quantitative, carried out between October and December 2021 using a questionnaire shared with 206 health professionals in Rabat prefecture. In all, 92 health professionals participated in the study and completed the questionnaire, of which 87% were women and 13% were men. Most participants were aged 41 to 50, 88% of participants had more than 10 years of service, and 57% of participants were doctors. In addition, 26% of participants had a negative perception of people with disabilities, 75% participants did not systematically screen newbo...

  Obstructive Sleep apnea (OSA) is a type of sleep disorder caused due to respiratory collapse during sleep. This sleep disorder generally goes undiagnosed and neglected. Severe OSA may cause arrhythmia, sudden death, high blood pressure, and other cardiac anomalies. Polysomnography (PSG) is the most popular gold standard used by many researchers to detect OSA. PSG required a well-equipped sleep laboratory and skilled persons to record multi- channel signals to detect OSA. PSG is a complex and expensive method and hence motivated to conduct the research using single-channel electrocardiogram (ECG). An automatic detection method of OSA using single-channel ECG in Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) takes less computing time as feature engineering does not require. This paper focuses on the automatic detection of OSA using ECG with two different deep CNN architectures AlexNet and GoogLeNet transfer learning. The apnea ECG datasheet is used for assessing the method proposed. The state ...

  Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is an epidemic disease. In early 2019 the World Health Organization (WHO) determined it as a potential threat. Prevention efforts have been made in biology, chemistry, and behavior. However, the use of chemicals that become instant measures has a negative impact on the occurrence of mosquito resistance and environmental pollution. Natural materials are alternative solutions as natural potentials that are easy, cheap, and safe for human health and environmental health. Cloves are Indonesia's natural potential which contains eugenol, saponins, flavonoids, and tannins which have the potential as active ingredients for Aedes aegypti larvicidal. This study aims to compare the results of the toxicity test of leaf extract with clove flower extract which has the potential as Aedes aegypti larvicidal. The research method uses a laboratory experimental design with a posttest-only control group design. The research sample in the form of third-instar larvae was...

  Vitamin E is an important food ingredient that individuals ingest to help prevent numerous diseases. Nano-emulsions are frequently employed in pharmaceutical, food, and personal care applications as means of delivering a variety of lipophilic active substances, namely vitamins that are oil-soluble. Both high-energy and low-energy methods are used to create nano-emulsions. The latter, however, offers advantages including less cost, convenience of use, and increased energy efficiency. In this work, we used the emulsion phase inversion technique to create nano-emulsions containing vitamin E. We investigated the rheological and physical characteristics of nano-emulsions created at different stirring rates ranging from 30 to 110 minutes. The emulsion phase inversion approach mixes an organic phase made up of oil, vitamin E, and a surfactant with an aqueous phase. The droplet size, zeta potential, and rheology of all the nano-emulsions were measured. The size distribution of nano-emuls...

  The study aimed to find out the effect of core-shoulder stability exercises on shoulder performance among throwers with glenohumeral internal rotation deficit (GIRD). Out of Forty-two athletes who participated, 30 subjects were selected who fulfilled the selection criteria and were randomized into 2 groups with 15 subjects in each group. Throwing accuracy (functional throwing performance index), throwing distance (overall medicine throw test), and shoulder range of motion were assessed and recorded at baseline, 3rd week, and 6th week of intervention. The control group received shoulder stability exercises while the study group received core-shoulder stability exercises 4 days per week for 6 consecutive weeks. Repeated measure ANOVA was used to see the difference between groups (groups 1 and 2) and time (baseline,3rd week, and 6th week ) Averaged across times statistically significant improvement was found in overhead medicine ball throw in the study group (Group 2) as compared to...

  A majority of recently invented medications have been discovered to be poorly water-soluble and cause delays in the formulation and development of dosage forms. Solubility has been a major problem for BCS classes II and IV. As a result, nanotechnology may be useful in resolving the solubility problem. This review will cover Nanocrystals, as well as the numerous methodologies employed in their formulation and their application. Nanocrystals are nanometre-sized drug particles of a poorly water-soluble compound. They are distinct from polymeric nanoparticles in that they are entirely made up of the drug. Nanocrystals can be implemented to increase the rate of dissolution and saturation solubility of active pharmaceutical ingredients. Milling, high-pressure homogenization, precipitation, and combination methods such as Nanoedge andSmartCrystal, are among the approaches available for its formulation. The transition of nanocrystals into final formulations, as well as future nanocrystal...

  Innovating green pathways for fabricating metal nanoparticles (MNPs) turns into an essential subject to promote sustainability and protect our environment from toxicity. Carica papaya is one of the most common cultivations with enriched phytochemicals. Here in this work, we have used male Carica papaya extract (CPE) from its flowers to synthesize eco-friendly silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The physicochemical properties of CPE-reduced AgNPs (CPE-AgNPs) were studied by different spectroscopic techniques. The characteristic property of AgNPs has been confirmed by analyzing the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) band of CPE- AgNPs: at around 440 nm. The capping of as-prepared AgNPs mediated by CPE was evaluated based on the vibrational bands of functional groups by Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) spectrometer. The elemental silver composition present in CPE-AgNPs was evidently seen from the corresponding Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopic (EDS) measurements. Studies obtained from ...

  This study evaluated the protective effect of an aqueous leaf extract of Vernonia amygdalina on the kidney functions and histological architecture of gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in adult Wistar rats. Twenty-five (25) Wistar rats were divided into five groups (groups 1–5), with five rats in each group. Group 1 served as the normal control. Group 2 was the negative control and received 40 mg/kg of body weight of gentamicin. Groups 3, 4, and 5 received an aqueous extract of V. amygdalina at doses of 100 mg, 200 mg, and 400 mg/kg of body weight, respectively, for 21 days. The gentamicin was administered intraperitoneally for 14 days, starting on day 8, while the aqueous leaf extract was given orally. There was a significant (P< 0.05) increase or derangement in the serum levels of urea, creatinine, and potassium in group 2 when compared to the normal control. The groups that received the extract of V. amygdalina showed a significant (P<0.05) reduction in the levels of dera...

  Cancer is a major cause of mortality worldwide, and marine sponges have emerged as potential sources of anticancer agents. In this study, we investigated the antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic effects of a marine sponge extract from Tedania sp. against the human colorectal carcinoma cell line (HCT116) using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and Caspase-Glo® 3/7 assays. The extract was prepared using a polar solvent mixture of ethanol:water, and was subjected to reversed-phase flash chromatography consisiting of water(W), acetonitrile(ACN), and ethyl acetate(EA) gradient eluent, yielding 16 Fraction. Treatment of HCT116 cells with Fractions 1-16 showed that only Fraction 16, consisting of 100�, exhibited significant (p<0.05) cytotoxic activity with the lowest viability of 90.9% compared to the negative control. Furthermore, Fraction 9, consisting of 20:80 W and ACN, showed a significantly (p<0.05) highest fold change (FC) value of 2.89 indic...

  Vegetables are parts of plants having several chemical families which belong to the category of antioxidants. In literature, these vegetables and fruits contain high amounts of antioxidant molecules which may directly benefit to human healthcare. The objective of our study is to determine the antioxidant potential of seed-containing fibers aqueous extract and analyzed its phenolic and flavonoid content. For these studies, we procured Phaseolus vulgaris (green beans) from the local market of Dehradun and measured its antioxidant activity including phenolic and flavonoid content. The results of these studies showed that seed-containing fibers aqueous extract showed higher antioxidant activity at higher doses and also showed enhancement in phenolic and flavonoid content. These studies may indicate that vegetables especially Phaseolus vulgaris contain a significant number of antioxidants which is required and acceptable for human healthcare. https://jmpas.com/abstract/1155

  The study was performed to identify the imperative pharmacognostic details of berberis aristata DC roots. The root of the plant was standardized by morphologically and microscopically. Further other parameters chemomicroscopical, physical, hytochemical screening and florescence analysis were performed to determine the diagnostic features of berberis aristata DC (B. aristata). Macro and microscopic studies were also reported in the present study. Physicochemical parameters including extractive values, ash values, moisture content have been calculated, which showed 0.79 total ash, 0.05 acid insoluble ash, 20 water soluble ash and 0.90 water insoluble ash. The extractive values of berberis aristata DC were found to be 3.6, 1.2, 0.6 and 2.3 in ethanol, Pet. ether, acetone, and in water respectively. Phytochemical analysis closely revealed the presence of alkaloids in this plant. These outcomes will further help to standardize, identification and in execution research on this plant. h...