Journal of Medical Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences

  Antioxidant compounds are increasingly being used in the health sector. In the health sector, antioxidant compounds also have a very important role. Antioxidant compounds have been scientifically proven to reduce the risk of chronic diseases, such as cancer, coronary heart disease, disorders such as redness, hyperpigmentation, wrinkles and premature aging. Antioxidant compound found in many plants, both bracteas, leaves and fruit, one of which is bracteas Bougainvillea spectabilis Willd. The ethanol fraction of bracteas Bougainvillea spectabillis Willd include: butil hydroxytoluene;ρ-Trimethylsilyloxyphenyl (tri.methylsilyloxy) trimethylsilylacrylate; 2,5 pyrrolidinedione, 1-methyl; Dimethylsulfoxonium formylmethylide; Formamide, N,N-dimethyl; Dimethyl sulfone and Cyclotetrasiloxane, octamethyl. Identified by the Liquid Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry method, then docked with Molegro Virtual Docker. Butyl hydroxytoluene has the same Root Mean Square Deviation value as vitamin ...

  The main factor in the occurrence of white spot lesions on fixed orthodontic appliances is the difficulty in performing good oral hygiene. The pH of the dental biofilm becomes low due to the presence of fermentable carbohydrates, thereby accelerating the accumulation and maturation of dental plaque. This study aimto determine the relationship between plaque maturity and white spot lesions on teeth with fixed orthodontic appliances.The research design was observational analytic using digital photographs of the six upper anterior teeth of 70 patients undergoing orthodontic treatment at Teeth and Mouth Teaching Hospital Universitas Sumatera Utara. The six upper anterior teeth were given the three-tone disclosing agent to check the level of plaque maturation. The staining of the plaque is cleaned to examine the level of the white spot lesion. The examination was carried out from the intraoral photograph of the patient by dividing the four areas of the tooth surface. The Kruskal Walli...

  Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a complex metabolic disorder in which concomitant insulin resistance and beta-cell impairment lead to hyperglycemia. Cardiovascular problems are more common in T2DM but after the discovery of the dapagliflozin class of SGLT2 (Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2) inhibitor, the rate of cardiovascular disease (CVD) reduced slightly including heart failure (HF). Numerous recent clinical studies emphasized that dapagliflozin as monotherapy and combined therapy with another hypoglycemic agent help to improve glycaemic control and decrease blood pressure and body weight. In the present review, the safety and efficacy of dapagliflozin have been highlighted in patients with HFrEF(Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction), after comparison with placebo and dapagliflozin. It decreased the risk of total HF hospitalizations and cardiovascular death with a low-hypoglycaemic effect. Recurrent hospitalizations are a common problem in patients with HFrEF and it...

  Atherosclerosis poses significant health risks, driving cardiovascular issues like heart attacks and strokes. Shortage of appropriate pathophysiological models and a suitable algorithm for the discovery of drugs and para-pharmaceuticals with direct anti-atherosclerotic action are major barriers to the effective pathogenetic medication for atherosclerosis. This study focused on using bioinformatics tools and molecular docking techniques to identify novel molecular agonists for the Activated Monophosphate Kinase (AMPK) enzyme via the AMPK/PP2A/NF-κB/LOX-1 pathway. Virtual screening and molecular docking were performed for activation and phosphorylation of AMPK and stimulation of Protein Phosphostase-2A (PP2A) which results in down-regulation of lectin-like oxLDL (LOX-1) receptor to reduce the internalization of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL). Enkephalin (ZINC000014952116) emerged as a potent AMPK agonist, triggering a cascade of interactions leading to reduced LOX-1 expre...

  For the quantification of Cyclandelate (CYL) in bulk medication and capsule dosage form in the presence of degradation products, a quick, accurate, and simple RP-HPLC method was devised. On the Phenomenex Luna C18 (250 mm x 4.6mm, 5 m) column, effective chromatographic separation was accomplished. The separation was made simple by employing the Isocratic elution program with Acetonitrile and buffer pH 3.0 (0.1% Triethylamine in water followed by pH correction with Trifluoroacetic acid) in the ratio of 70:30 (%v/v) at a flow rate of 1.2 mL/min, and an eluent was monitored at 220 nm. The degradation products were found to be isolated from the principal peak after being subjected to force degradation with acid, alkali, peroxide, thermal, and photolytic agents. The technique was linear in the range of 30-200 μg/mL, with a correlation coefficient of 0.9975. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were found to be 8.3 μg/mL and 25.1 μg/mL respectively. The presen...

  Electromagnetic frequencies (EF) generated from different laboratory devices and appliances can interact with biological systems, including humans. Several studies have assessed the effect of electromagnetic frequencies on the growth of microorganisms, which revealed that EF could inhibit bacterial growth, decrease colony-forming units, or decrease viability depending on the field strength and frequency. Accordingly, in this study, we aimed to assess the effect of the antibiotics extracted electromagnetic spectrums on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). Drugs digital electromagnetic spectrums of a mixture of antibiotics were generated using a DigiConPro® VITATEC device emitted using the supplied antenna and applied into a glass tube containing nutrient broth inoculated with S. aureus, and optical density was measured hourly for 6 hours. The post-exposure effect of antibiotics' electromagnetic spectrums was also determined on bacteria subcultured into blood agar. Anti...

  Orchids have been used in various traditional medicinal systems for their potential therapeutic properties. Dendrobium anceps Sw. is an important medicinal orchid used to treat various diseases. The primary objective of this study is to analyze the phytochemical profile and conduct GC-MS analysis on different solvent extracts derived from D. anceps. The shade-dried leaf powder was subjected to cold extraction using n-hexane, acetone, ethyl acetate, and methanol as solvents. Qualitative phytochemical screening was then performed on the resulting crude leaf extracts, following established standard protocols, to identify various phytocompounds. Following this, the methanol and ethyl acetate leaf extracts of D. anceps were subjected to GC-MS analysis. The results of the qualitative phytochemical screening indicated that the methanol leaf extract of D. anceps exhibited the presence of phytochemicals such as proteins, carbohydrates, alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, saponins, steroids, t...

  To investigate the effect and mechanism of Anlotinib on radio sensitization of human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549. Human lung adeno carcinoma cell line A549 was teated with anlotinib and/or radiotherapy, then divided four groups, control group (Ctrl), Anlotinib treatment group (A), irradiation group (RT) and Anlotinib combined with irradiation group (A+RT) . CCK8 method was used to determine cell proliferation; the clone formation experiment was used to determine the inhibitory effect on cell growth; flow cytometry was used to determine cell cycle and apoptosis; immunofluorescence of γ-H2AX was used to determine DNA damage; expression of DNA-PKcs were detected by Western blot. Anlotinib inhibited proliferation and clonogenic survival following irradiation. The dose (Dq), the average lethal dose (D0) and the survival score (SF2) in the anlotinib combined radiotherapy group was significantly lower than those in the radiotherapy group. Anlotinib decreased G2/M phase arrest and...

  Their origin influences the chemical components and pharmacological action of essential oils. This study aimed to classify red ginger oil (RGO) based on its FTIR spectra combined with chemometrics and determine its antioxidant activity. Fresh red ginger rhizomes were collected from six West Sumatra regions and extracted using hydrodistillation. ATR-FTIR and Chemometrics were used to classify the oil, and its antioxidant activity was tested using various methods. The study found that RGO was golden yellow with a unique odor, and it had a yield range of 0.52% - 0.86%, a specific gravity of 0.83-0.94 g/ml, a refractive index of 1.4834 – 1.4880, and an optical rotation value of -36.382. However, all RGO samples had low antioxidant activity. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) showed that RGO can be separated based on the altitude of the growing locations at the wavenumber 2000-400 cm-1. Hierarchical Clustering Analysis (HCA) revealed three clusters of RGO: I; Solok, II; Kamang Magek a...

  The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has prompted the implementation of stringent measures to curb viral transmission, including mask mandates, hand hygiene practices, and social distancing. These interventions may also have a substantial impact on the prevalence of other respiratory infections, such as influenza and severe acute respiratory illness. This study aimed to assess the incidence of respiratory pathogens among SARS-CoV-2 negative patients admitted to healthcare facilities during the COVID-19 outbreak. From February to July 2021, nasopharyngeal swabs from 167 adults presenting with COVID-19 syndrome symptoms and negative SARS-CoV-2 tests were collected from seven regional sites across Morocco. Multiplexed nucleic acid testing was employed to simultaneously detect and differentiate 22 respiratory pathogens. Our findings revealed a 43% (n=72) overall prevalence of respiratory pathogens, with Human Rhinovirus (HRV) accounting for 38%, Human Coronavirus OC43 HCoV OC43) for 37%, and Huma...

  Mangosteen peel extract contains xanthones have an anti-inflammatory effect and accelerated the process of fibroblast proliferation. The xanthones would trigger the formation of collagen which plays an important role in the wound healing process. The preparation of mangosteen peel extract into the trans-dermal patch aims to deliver the active substances through the skin and to the systemic system painlessly. The aims of this research were to formulate and characterize patch trans-dermal mangosteen peel extract. The formulation was characterized by organoleptic, uniformity of thickness and weight, folding resistance, pH, moisture content, drug content, swelling, in vitro drug release test, FTIR spectrum, and morphology by SEM. The patch trans-dermal was prepared using chitosan and sodium alginate by layer by layer using 0,2%, 0,4%, and 0,6�lcium chloride as crosslinker. The enhancement in the concentration of calcium chloride had a significant effect (p<0>300 folds, pH of 5,...

  The cyclin dependent kinase 9(CDK9) was confirmed in several malignancies, notably those brought on by the dysregulation of the transcriptional elongation and mRNA maturation processes, have made CDK9 an appealing therapeutic target. The creation of selective CDK9 inhibitors continues to be extremely difficult due to the great homology of these CDKs in the catalytic domain. In this work we present two potential inhibitors, AZD4573 and Roscovitine, to detect potential binding between these compounds and the protein. These two compounds are in different experimental phases. AZD4573 were able to establish hydrogen bond with Asn154 and Asp167 with several hydrophobic bonds in the complex formed. Using the assistance of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, the mechanism and dynamic stability of the interaction between the investigated chemicals and CDK9 were identified. It is strongly advised to consider these drug candidates as potential treatments, and we propose conducting in vivo ...

  “Beluntas” (Pluchea indica L.) is a plant that has been used as a traditional medicinal plant for various types of diseases. The most common formulation for Pluchea indica L. utilization is in the form of extract. However, Pluchea indica L. extract cannot be used directly. It is needed to develop in other formulations, such as a hydrogel. This research aimed to determine the phytochemical profile, the content of bioactive compounds, and the preparation of Pluchea indica L. extract incorporated carbopol-HPMC hydrogel. This type of research was a quasi-experimental method. The sample in this study was Pluchea indica L. extract. Qualitative tests were carried out for the determination of the phytochemical profile. At the same time, the content of total phenol, flavonoids, total alkaloids, tannins, and antioxidant activity was analyzed using the Folin-Ciocalteu, AlCl3, Folin-Denis, and DPPH methods by visible spectrophotometry. The results showed that Pluchea indica L. extract had se...

  Synthesis of potent flavonoid sulfamate inhibitors of the enzyme steroid sulfatase (STS), a topical target in treating postmenopausal women with hormone-dependent breast cancer, is described in the current article. Novel compounds were examined for estrone sulfatase (E1-STS) inhibition in intact MCF-7 breast cells. The strategies adopted to develop STS inhibitors which, while active in vivo, are devoid of any estrogenicity that would limit their use for breast cancer therapy (e.g. estrone 3-O-sulfamate, EMATE), were broadly successful. Several molecules of flavonoid sulfamates were synthesized that potentially possess both aromatase and steroid sulfatase inhibitory properties. The isoflavane-4',7-O,O-bis-sulfamate (equol bis-sulfamate) and flavone-6,4'-O,O-bis-sulfamate were found to be the most potent inhibitors of all the flavonoid sulfamate analogs in vitro, inhibiting STS by about 99% at 0.1μM in MCF-7 cells. Some of these flavonoid sulfamates were also found to be active...

  This study was conducted to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices on Human Monkeypox among medical students in Southern Vietnam. A total of 556 medical students at the Faculty of Medicine, Tra Vinh University participated and completed a structured questionnaire about knowledge-attitude-practice on Human Monkeypox. Results: The proportion of female students having good knowledge (88.9%) was higher than that of male students (69.5%), however, the difference was not significant (p>0.05). Meanwhile, the proportion of students having good knowledge increased from the fresh year (72.8%) to the 6th year (92.0%) (p<0.05). Overall, 80,8% of medical students had good knowledge and 87.6% of students had good practice. To conclude, the knowledge-attitude-practice of me dical students with Human Monkeypox was at a good level. https://jmpas.com/abstract/1209

  Ozone generator is one of the promising novel disinfectant technology that have recently been proposed as the alternative to conventional decontamination methods such as heat and chemical sanitizers. The objective of this research was to examine various properties of ozone generator to ensure safety and to further proper hygiene practical guideline. The tests are performed by evaluated the propertiesof chemical and microbiological on bacteria that cause clinically important pathogens at different times and cytotoxicity to Cellosaurus cell line OUMS-36 fibroblasts. Moreover, the efficacy of sterilization techniques (soaking, and spraying) of this disinfectants was compared as well. The results showed that ozone-sprayed water, ozone treated water, and ozone treated air has an ability to kill all bacteria within 1-3, 15-20 and 3-5 minutes respectively. Toxicity test and Phenol coefficient of ozone-treated water showed that it is low toxicity level and showed 0.125 times to phenol. M...

  The study aimed to evaluate the effect of different lipids on the properties of nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) formulations. The particle size, zeta potential, polydispersity index, entrapment efficiency, and drug release at 24 hours were analyzed for formulations containing various lipid matrices. Among the formulations tested, N3 (Compritol 888 ATO and Softigen) exhibited the most favourable characteristics, including the smallest particle size, highest entrapment efficiency, sustained drug release, and good stability, as indicated by a high negative zeta potential. Other lipids, such as Witepsol H 32 and Beeswax, also showed desirable properties. The formulations containing Dynasan 114 and Acconon-C-44 EP/NF resulted in larger particle sizes, lower entrapment efficiencies, and slower drug release. Cholesterol exhibited distinct properties, with a lower negative zeta potential and moderate drug release. The findings highlight the importance of lipid selection in determining...