Journal of Medical Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences

  According to the WHO guidelines 2020, Dolutegravir-based antiretroviral treatment (ART) is a preferred first-line ART regimen for people living with HIV (PLHIV) because of its efficacy, tolerance, high barrier to resistance, and minimal drug interactions. The main aim of this study is to assess the safety and efficacy of a Dolutegravir based antiretroviral therapy regimen to that of older regimens. A retrospective observational study was conducted among the people who visited the ART center on an Out-Patient basis. One to One interview was taken with the patients who met the inclusion criteria and all the information was noted down in the demographic form. Adverse Drug Reactions were noted in the Suspected Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR) Form and then we assessed causality, severity, and Prevent-ability. All the data was entered into an excel sheet and analyzed using SPSS21 software. Out of the study population of 100, 63% are females and 36% are males. The paired T-test sampling sta...

  Nature Communications has recognized the article titled "Engineered Helicase Replaces Thermocycler in DNA Amplification While Retaining Desired PCR Characteristics" as one of the top 25 best papers published in 2022. Gavrilov et al. (2022) engineered helicase which replaces thermocycler in DNA amplification while retaining desired PCR characteristics. No experiment was so advanced that of Gavrilov et al. LAMP (Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification) is limited to producing only short amplicons. SHARP (SSB-Helicase Assisted Rapid PCR) was invented in 2022. We were waiting over a year for reactions from scientific community and then employed SHARP. Gavrilov et al. showed costly PCR machine is not needed for SHARP. It has huge implication for Covid-19 research and prevention in India. https://jmpas.com/abstract/1205

  Cardiopulmonary asthma is a type of coughing, not an external appearance of asthma. Depending on persistent symptoms, this full-to-the-brim situation can be used to survive a therapeutic emergency. Liquid composition in the lungs and the area around the airways may result from heart failure. This demonstrates how the direction causes symptoms such as shortness of breath, coughing, and bursting at the seams which are likecipher and asthma symptoms. The common condition known as asthma is brought on by airway sensitivity, which can lead to constrictions, most noticeably leading to breathing difficulty. Heart failure treatment is trained to ease the effects of cardiac asthma and heart failure symptoms. Current developments in nano science and nanotechnology point towards a wealth of novel ideas for understanding and treating cardiovascular, pulmonary, and hematological conditions. Asthma is a common complaint that provokes the airways through various causes. Additionally, these inst...

  Plagiarism is an act that negatively affects the quality of students training and the professional skills development. The aim of this study is to examine the perception of plagiarism factors among students from the health careers training institute. To carry out this quantitative study, seventy students were recruited. To collect the data, we used a questionnaire that included participants' socio-demographic characteristics and plagiarism factors. The results highlighted factors attributed to the students, factors relating to the teacher and factors relating to the training institution. Thus, the inability to manage time was raised by 61.3% of participants, ignorance of the rules for citing references (57%), easy access to information (46.8%), lack of awareness (51.6%), insufficient training (52%) and lack of disciplinary measures (76%). Minimizing plagiarism as much as possible requires the involvement of all actors in the teaching-learning process. An approach based on prevent...

  Ambrisentan is an orally administered endothelin receptor antagonists used for the treatment of pulmonary hypertension. As it is fall under BCS class 2 medicine, its solubility, stability and oral bio availability are poor. Here, a self-micro-emulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) was developed to improve its solubility and drug dissolution. The objective of our investigation was to formulate a self-micro-emulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) of Ambrisentan using minimized quantity of oil, surfactant and co-surfactant that could improve its solubility, stability, and dissolution. The composition of optimized formulation consists of Maisine CC as oil, Acrysol EL 135 as surfactant and Capryol PGMC as cosurfactant, containing 200 mg of Ambrisentan showing mean droplet size (155.12 nm), rate of self-emulsification (56 sec) and Polydispersibility index (0.331). This optimized liquid SMEDDS is used as a liquid component in wet granulation and prepare tablet of Ambrisentan having...

  Topically applied corticosteroids are commonly prescribed medications for the treatment of various dermatology-related conditions. However, their misuse and abuse have become a growing concern. This study aims to determine the frequency of topically applied corticosteroid abuse among outpatients with dermatology-related conditions. A cross-sectional study design was employed, and data were collected from a sample of outpatients attending dermatology clinics. The participants were assessed for the presence of corticosteroid abuse based on clinical presentation, medical history, and examination findings. The frequency of abuse was determined, and factors associated with abuse were analyzed using statistical methods. The results of this study will contribute to a better understanding of corticosteroid abuse and provide insights for improving prescribing practices and patient education. https://jmpas.com/abstract/1200

  The objective of the research paper to design and development of herbal tablet formulation (HTF) of leaves of Carica Papaya Linn (LCPL) & Moringao leiferaLinn (LMOL) and fruit part of Carrissa CarandusLam (FCCL).Powdered leaves of Carica Papaya Linn & Moringao leifera Linn and fruit part of Carrissa Carandus Lam was macerated in 80% hydro-ethanolic solution for 72 hours .To identify the active constituents, phyto-chemical screening was performed. The extracts were evaluated for the flavonoid and phenolic content by qualitative and quantitative measurement. The Leaves of LCPL& LMOL and fruit of FCCL was extracted by maceration process. Preliminary phytochemical screening was performed. The LCPL showed the presence of flavonoids, phenol, proteins, glycosides, and alkaloids. The LMOL has shown the presence of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, carbohydrates, proteins, amino acids, terpenoids and tannins. The FCCL has shown the presence of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, car...

  Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) can be therapeutic targets for inflammatory diseases. COX-2 expression which can be triggered by ROS might consequently promote inflammation. Inhibition of ROS by the antioxidant, however, may prevent or decrease the expression of COX-2. In this study, the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of the hexane (H), dichloromethane (DCM), and methanol-water (MW) extracts of marine sponges Agelas sp. (Asp), Ircinia sp. (Isp), and Aaptos suberitoides (As) were determined. The correlation between their antioxidant properties and ability to inhibit COX enzymes was also established. The MW extracts of the marine sponges and the AsDCM contain a significant (p<0>50% of the COX-2 and gave a selectivity index (COX-2/COX-1) >1.0. This suggests that the extracts can be sources of compounds with promising and selective inhibitory properties against COX-2. Correlation analysis further showed a positive linear correlation b...

  Natural polysaccharides are emerging gastro protective agents that need extensive characterization and subsequent commercialization. Diclofenac sodium, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, is generally used as a model drug to induce gastric ulcers experimentally. Therefore, in the present study, Basella alba mucilage is modified to form hydrogel beads, and its gastro protective potential is judged by incorporating Diclofenac sodium in it and administered orally to Swiss albino rats at an equivalent weight of 50mg Diclofenac sodium/ kg bw for ten days. The results were compared with the rats administered Diclofenac sodium (50 mg/kg bw) and with the group of rats administered Diclofenac sodium (50mg/kg bw) and Pantoprazole (10mg/kg bw). Another group of rats were administered blank hydrogel beads, and another group served as control. The gastro protective property was evaluated from the gastric secretory parameters, ulcer index, biochemical tests, and histopathology studies. The...

  This study aimed to investigate the impact of Baclofen on balance, gait, functional independence, and quality of life in ischemic stroke patients. Thirty patients diagnosed with ischemic stroke by a rehabilitation medicine specialist were randomly assigned to either an experimental group that underwent exercise therapy in conjunction with Baclofen or a control group that received conventional exercise therapy without Baclofen. In this study, Berg Balance Scale, Timed Up and Go, and 10-Meter Walk Test were used to evaluate balance and walking ability. Functional Independence Measure was employed to assess functional independence, and Stroke-Specific Quality of Life was used to evaluate the quality of life. The experimental results revealed statistically significant improvements in all evaluation measures for both groups when comparing post-test to pre-test. However, in comparisons between groups, all test items in the experimental group that combined Baclofen with exercise therapy...

In this work, curcumin- Non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) conjugates were synthesized by esterification of the phenolic group of curcumin with the acid group of NSAIDs using the Steglich esterification method to enhance the anti-inflammatory activity of curcumin and to reduce the gastrointestinal side effects of NSAIDs. A set of bis C-NSAIDs conjugates was prepared by direct coupling of curcumin with Aceclofenac and Diflunisal respectively in good yield and characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectra (FTIR) and Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectra (1HNMR). In vivo, studies were performed to evaluate the toxicity, anti-inflammatory activity, bio-distribution, and anti ulcerogenic studies of selected conjugates using different animal models. In Vivo studies reveal the enhanced biological activity with better tissue distribution of conjugates than that of parent curcumin and it could be a curcumin-based therapeutic molecule that might be explored further for its ...

  blood glucose levels in the disease activate the free IGF-1 which promotes lipogenesis of sebaceous glands thus leading to acne formation. The study was aimed to analyze the correlation between insulin resistance and the severity of acne vulgaris. A total of 100 patients clinically diagnosed with acne vulgaris were enrolled in the study. The severity of the acne was evaluated using the GAGS system. The HOMA-IR index was used for the analysis of insulin resistance. The mean age of the patients was 22.13 years with a predominance of females i.e., 76%. GAGS score revealed 89% of patients had mild acne, 9% of patients had moderate acne and 2% of patients had severe acne. As per the HOMA-IR index cutoff value of 2.5, 35% of patients in our study had insulin resistance. A significant positive correlation was observed between the acne vulgaris and insulin resistance. Early treatment of insulin resistance can help evaluate a patient’s metabolic aspects that should be helpful in the diagn...

  This article describes the case of a previously healthy immune competent child who, despite having received full protection against poliomyelitis with OPV, developed severe flaccid paralysis which eventually led to his death. Poliovirus testing of his contacts revealed the presence of Sabin Like type 3 poliovirus in one of them. The patient developed paralysis and respiratory distress and deceased a few months after onset of paralysis with respiratory failure. This tragic case report demonstrates the emergence of VAPP and emphasizes the significance of early diagnosis of VAPP infections to enhance clinical management of VAPP-infected patients. https://jmpas.com/abstract/1193

  Anti-inflammatory drugs are a ubiquitous class of analgesics used by millions of people worldwide. Owing to the widespread and prolonged use of Anti-inflammatory drugs, chronic and acute toxicities have been reported in many human physiological systems. As a result, new anti-inflammatory drugs have been created recently, and several of them are in advanced phases of clinical studies. Chemists have been quite interested in heterocyclic compounds because of how similar they are to various biological precursors. One such heterocycle is benzimidazole and the most recent advancements of anti-inflammatory agents bearing benzimidazole have been emphasized in the current review. The review focusses on the synthetic route and the most promising benzimidazole derivative as anti-inflammatory agent. The lead compound according to the literature will aid in the design and development of novel anti-inflammatory agents that targets a diversity of factors contributing to inflammation. https://jm...

Pyrimidinesare six-membered heterocyclic scaffold present naturally in nucleic acid components and are promising leads for the synthesis of medicinally important compounds. Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) with a serine/threonine catalytic core are important druggable targets for cancer therapy and the binding of regulatory subunits controls them. In the present study series of virtually designed pyrimidine derivatives were screened using molecular docking techniques against the cyclin-dependent kinase-8 (CDK8) as a targeted protein. The density functional theory calculation of compounds having good binding affinity was done to estimate the orbital energy. The molecular dynamics simulation of the best-docked compound with the CDK8 was simulated to estimate the effect of mobility on the interactions.Themolecular docking provided insights regarding the binding ability of the designed compounds with the targeted CSK8 structure. As a result, the docked compounds exerted good interactions wi...

  Synthesis of potent flavonoid sulfamate inhibitors of the enzyme steroid sulfatase (STS), a topical target in treating postmenopausal women with hormone-dependent breast cancer, is described in the current article. Novel compounds were examined for estrone sulfatase (E1-STS) inhibition in intact MCF-7 breast cells. The strategies adopted to develop STS inhibitors which, while active in vivo, are devoid of any estrogenicity that would limit their use for breast cancer therapy (e.g. estrone 3-O-sulfamate, EMATE), were broadly successful. Several molecules of flavonoid sulfamates were synthesized that potentially possess both aromatase and steroid sulfatase inhibitory properties. The isoflavane-4',7-O,O-bis-sulfamate (equol bis-sulfamate) and flavone-6,4'-O,O-bis-sulfamate were found to be the most potent inhibitors of all the flavonoid sulfamate analogs in vitro, inhibiting STS by about 99% at 0.1μM in MCF-7 cells. Some of these flavonoid sulfamates were also found to be active...