Journal of Medical Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences

  Muscle tightness is commonly regarded as a risk factor for muscle damage. Calf muscle tightness has been connected to decreased ankle dorsiflexion as well as a range of ailments, including Shin splints, Achilles tendinitis, and plantar fasciitis, to name a few. Theragun is a mechanical device that is gaining steam due to its efficiency and positive benefits. Deep tissue therapy for example, of both fascia and muscle is defined by PT, which is based on the principles for the treatment of fascial connective tissues, they provide enhanced blood flow, better scar tissue, reduced pain, lower lactate, greater range of motion, and improved recovery. Given their possible influence on the tonic vibration reflex, it appears that the use of percussion instruments may support other forms of treatments. Subjects with Calf Tightness (n = 90) will be included in a single-blind RCT. The treatment will be given on the commanding foot, with 3 sittings for five minutes each. Ankle flexibility tests...

  Drug design and development is a time consuming and costly process. Nowadays, computer-aided drug design approaches are usually used to improve drug discovery and advancement efficiency. The role of Computer-Aided Drug Design (CADD) is a diverse discipline in which various versions of applied and basic analysis are interlinked. It is being implemented in various fields including biochemistry, molecular biology, nanotechnology etc. Various employed computational approaches includes ligand-based drug design, structure-based drug design, quantitative structure-property relationships and quantitative structure-activity. Computational techniques are commonly utilized in pharmaceutical industry and in research to improving the effectiveness of drug discovery and development. In this review, the authors have attempted to provide a broad overview of the function of CADD in modern medicine science. https://jmpas.com/abstract/1000

  Mainstream cancer research has continued to place a significant emphasis on the development of new and effective therapeutic candidates to tackle rising treatment resistance and off-target toxicities. Here, a series of novel 3-(substitutedphenyl)-2-(4-(substitutedphenyl)thiazol-2-yl)-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]thiazol-5(6H)-one derivatives were synthesized and characterized. The ability of the synthesized compounds to reduce the survival of the human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB 231 was evaluated. When compared to the reference chemical, 5-fluorouracil, 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-(4-(4-chlorophenyl)thiazol-2-yl)-2H-pyrazolo[3,4d]thiazol-5(6H)-oneand 3-(4-nitrophenyl)-2-(4-(4-nitrophenyl)thiazol-2-yl)-2H-pyrazolo[3,4d]thiazol-5(6H)-oneshowed the highest inhibitory activity (IC50:550 0.78 M and 504 0.89, respectively) on the viability of MDA-MB 231 cells. A molecular docking study has been carried out to discover more potent drugs. https://jmpas.com/abstract/1112

  The use of mobile phones and earplugs among students have become popular and are easy route for drug-resistant bacteria. This study aimed to determine the bacterial contamination on mobile phones and earplugs with their antibiotic resistance pattern among University students in Lagos, Nigeria. A total of 100 phone and earplug swab samples were collected. The samples were cultured on different appropriate growth media. Bacterial identification was done according to the standard bacterial procedures for identification. A total of 196 bacterial isolates were recovered from both devices and further subjected to antibiotic susceptibility testing against 11 commonly used antibiotics using disc diffusion method. This study revealed that mobile phones and earplugs had bacterial contamination of 48.5% and 51.5% respectively. Eleven bacterial species were identified which included Klebisella pneumoniae (27%), Staphylococcus aureus (15.8%), Enterobacter aerogenes (12.8%), Proteus mirabilis ...

  The antiseptic hydrogen peroxide is widely used in the treatment of various septic wounds and abrasions and injuries at home. In addition, in recent years there have been reports on the possibility of using hydrogen peroxide as an antihypoxant.Analysis of the results showed that unique formulations of hydrogen peroxide solutions and antihypoxic technologies of their use for pharmacological and cold support of organ and tissue function under hypoxic conditions without the use of gaseous oxygen were developed.The innovative technology is based on the local cooling of a selected area of the body while injecting a hydrogen peroxide solution of the "right" formulation.A hydrogen peroxide solution of the "right" formulation has been shown to be an alternative to arterial blood for oxygen-deficient tissues because hydrogen peroxide increases the oxygen content of tissues, including venous blood, which it converts to arterial blood because it forms oxyhemoglobin. https://...

  One of the most prevalent opportunistic illnesses among Human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) positive people is tuberculosis. Numerous studies have demonstrated that HIV/Acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS) is a significant public health issue in India. The World health organization(WHO) advised using Cartridge based nucleic acid amplification test (CBNAAT) in conjunction with Rifampicin resistance to identify pulmonary tuberculosis (TB).This cross-sectional research had 160 patients who were older than 15 years. The bulk of the patients, or 109 (68.12%), were in the middle age range of 26 to 45 years, with 135 (84.66%) of them being from rural areas. Low education status persons (primary and high school, 35% and 33.75% respectively) constitute the demographic that is most frequently impacted; nevertheless, among females, uneducated groups are more frequently afflicted. The shift in the distribution of HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis co- infection patients in India's Vindhya Region i...

A Quality by Design (QbD) strategy was used to develop and optimise a polyherbal tablet formulation in this study. Initial risk assessments of critical materials were conducted using the Risk Priority Number, and the effects of critical parameters (amount of microcrystalline cellulose and croscarmellose sodium) were proposed using a randomised complete factorial design. To further the findings, a Design of Experiments (DoE) approach was used to formulate four trial formulations, with independent variables of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) 5 % -15 % and croscarmellose sodium (CCS) 0.5 % -5 %, and responses measured in friability and disintegration time, which were found to be 0.35–0.91 % and 11.4–15.5 minutes, respectively. Three formulations (F-1, F-2, and F-4) fulfilled the acceptable criteria and one formulation (F-1) had independent variables microcrystalline cellulose and croscarmellose sodium, out of four formulation trials (F-1 to F-4) were chosen for short-term stability study...

  Auricularia auricula-judae, also called the wood ear mushroom, is a well-known edible mushroom in various countries. Notably, the extracts of this mushroom inhibited the growth and expression of human papillomavirus (HPV) oncogene in the HPV-positive cervical cancer cell line. However, there has been no reported comparison of the effect of the extracts from fresh and dried A. auricula-judae on anti-HPV16 in CaSki cell lines. Thus, this study investigated the effect of the water-based extracts from fresh and dried A. auricula-judae at 100oC on anti-HPV16 pseudovirus infection and anti-cancer in CaSki as well as the expression of viral oncogenes and cellular genes. HPV16 pseudovirus was produced and used for anti-viral infection assay in pre-attachment and adsorption steps in treated 293FT cells. Cell apoptosis, cell proliferation, cell migration and colony-forming assay were investigated in treated CaSki cells. In addition, mRNA expression levels of HPV16E6/E7, BCL2, BAK and CASP3...

  Quinoline derivatives found to possess various activities such as antimicrobial, anti-tubercular, antifungal etc. 2,7-dichloro-6-fluoroquinoline-3-carbaldehyde was synthesized by treating 3-chloro-4-fluoroaniline with acetic anhydride, the intermediate (substituted acetanilide) obtained was further treated under microwave with dimethyl formamide /phosphorus oxychloride to get the desired product. Derivatives of 2,7-dichloro-6-fluoroquinoline-3- carbaldehyde [R-02] to [R-10] were synthesized by treating it with different anilines, oxindole and rhodanine. Synthesized derivatives were characterized by IR, 1HNMR and Mass spectra and evaluated for their antimicrobial properties. Antimicrobial study of these compounds shows that they have moderate activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains of bacteria, but less than the standard drug (ciprofloxacin). Only [R-04] compound has slightly better activity than the standard drug (4μg/ml). https://jmpas.com/abstract/1106

  For patients with chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular disease(CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and death.Even though myocardial infarction (MI) is a contributing factor in nearly half of fatalities from cardiovascular (CV)causes, cardiac arrest and cardiac arrhythmias are thought to be responsible for around a quarter of all deaths reported in chronic kidney disease patients. Electrocardiograms (ECGs), which are straightforward and non-invasive, can identify people who are more susceptible to fatalities.100 patients with chronic kidney disease were included in this cross-sectional research.The patients were evaluated as per the history, general physical examination, systemic examination, Blood Urea, Serum Creatinine, Urine Routine, ECG and Echocardiography. The study shows 72% of patients had cardiovascular abnormalities identified by electrocardiography. Ischemia is seen in 16% of individuals and Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in 30% of patients. In 8 cases (16%), a...

  Punica granatum L. var. nana is an ornamental plant, yet it is underestimated medicinally compared to edible pomegranate. In this study, the ethanolic extract of the leaves(TEL)and its successive fractions were evaluated for anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant and anti-hyperlipidemic potentials in nicotinamide/streptozotocin(NA/STZ)-diabetic rats. Blood was measured for glucose, glycosylated haemoglobin(HbA1c%) and insulin levels.Anti-oxidant activity was assessed via measuring malondialdehyde(MDA), nitric oxide(NO), total anti-oxidant activity(TAC) and reduced glutathione(GSH). Anti-hyperlipidemic activity was evaluated via monitoring triglycerides(TG), total cholesterol(TC), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-c), very low density lipoprotein-cholesterol(VLDL-c), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol(HDL-c) and atherogenic index(AI). Both TEL and ethyl acetate fraction(EAL) reduced glucose, HbA1c%, MDA, NO, TG, TC, LDL-c, VLDL-c and AI but increased plasma insulin, TAC, GSH and HDL-...

  The pelvic floor muscles support vital organs like the bladder, colon, and internal reproductive systems. These muscles synergistically function with the abdominal muscle to control continence. Pelvic floor muscle insufficiency results in poor control over continence during various activities. The efficient control of abdominal muscles to support the pelvic floor function require stabilization of the spine which in turn gets affected by the change in the mechanics due to the altered lumbar spine angle. In the present study, we intended to find the effect of lumbar spine angle on trunk muscle tonic activity, and pelvic floor function. A total of seventy-eight non-osteoporotic menopausal continent women were recruited and based on their lumbar lordotic angle, they were allocated to three groups (Hyper, hypo, and normal lordosis). The electromyographic tonic activity of erector spinae (ES), rectus abdominis (RA), and vaginal pressure was recorded during standing still (SS), maximal ...

  Fahr’s disease may be defined as a rare, degenerative neurological condition which presents itself as an idiopathic, bilatera l deposition of calcium in the striopallidodentate area of the brain. Here we are presenting a case of a 38 years old female patient with complaints of fever since three days, two episodes of generalized tonic–clonic seizure (GTCS) which lasted for 10-15 minutes. Symptoms like anger outbursts, irritability, forgetfulness, tingling and numbness of extremities were noted. Chvostek sign, Trousseau sign and Café au lait spots were observed. Based on the evidences obtained from laboratory investigations and CT/USG scan the patient was diagnosed with Fahr’s disease. The pharmacotherapy of this case included Phenytoin 100 mg for convulsions, Calcium gluconate injection (10%) single dose under heart rate monitoring, Ferrous sulfate, Vitamin D supplements, Thyroxine for elevated TSH levels and Ceftriaxone for prophylaxis. As with other neurodegenerative conditions,...

  The main objective of this work was to analyze, through a review of current references, how different factors correlate to shape the response measures implemented by health authorities to the ongoing pandemic event, in the context of dental care.The COVID-19 pandemic has claimed more than 14million lives directly or indirectly, being a special challenge for society and health care systems. The role of dentists during a pandemic crisis is to provide essential dental care while preventing transmission of the virus. However, this virus has some traits that may increase the risk of cross infection in dental offices, due to aerosols produced during several dental treatments. To address this problem, health authorities have prepared specific protocols to prevent cross-contamination by this virus in dental offices, allowing patients to continue receiving dental care during the pandemic period. https://jmpas.com/abstract/1101

  With extraordinary success, the past few decades witnessed high growth in nanoscience or nanotechnology that is turning towards innumerable dynamic sectors providing new pure as well as applied opportunities such as physics, chemistry, material, biology, medicine and many more. Day by day the advancements in the field of nanotechnology have been explored due to the high surface area, and multifunctional with acceptable biocompatibility make them capable to play the countless role of highly multifunctional-tailored drugs delivery alternates, phototherapy, bioimaging and gene delivery to develop new nanomaterials with various possible applicabilities. Numerous researchers have conducted various studies on the applicability of ZnO nanomaterials in the area of environment, biomedical and healthcare sectors Here, recent progress and modern perspectives are presented concerning ZnO nanomaterials for their biomedical applications. https://jmpas.com/abstract/1100

  Sponge samples coded KL-03P, KL-12P, KL-15P, KL-16P, and KL-18NP collected from Lugait, Misamis Oriental, Philippines were subjected to fractionation resulting in hexane (H), dichloromethane (D), and aqueous (A) fractions of each sponge. They were subsequently subjected to anti-migration, anti-proliferative, and pro-apoptotic activity testing using the Scratch Wound assay, the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, and the Caspase Glo 3/7 assay, respectively. Fractions KL-03P (D), KL-12P (D), KL-16P H) and KL-18NP (D) showed anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects against HCT116 at 30-ppm concentration. Cell shrinkage and noticeable fragmentations indicative of apoptosis were apparent among these fractions based on MTT final snaps. But among these active fractions, the unprecedented abilities of KL-18NP (D) were very notable across assays conducted. This fraction showcased the inhibition of cell migration, which gave a signal for potential...

  Parkinson's disease is the second most common neurological disorder associated with the gradual loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantial nigra due to mitochondrial impairment.The available therapies cannot attenuate neurodegeneration. Recent studies support the mitochondrial dysfunction cascade in disease, increasing reactive oxygen species levels and triggering inflammatory mediators that lead to neuronal death. Mitochondrial sirtuins regulate energy metabolism and mitochondrial function and respond to cellular stress by releasing antioxidants. Especially,sirtuin-3 oxidized nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide deacetylase plays a vital role in maintaining the integrity and mitochondria biogenesis. Sirtuin-3 bind and deacetylate PTEN-induced kinase 1and E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase to promote mitophagy. We hypothesized that Sirtuin-3 activation might protect dopaminergic neurons in the Parkinson's disease animal model. In this review, we focused on the availability of curr...

  Neuropathic pain is a sensory nerve system disorder that affects a large percentage of the world's elderly population. A sensory nerve system injury causes it, which can lead to function loss, acute discomfort, and heightened pain sensitivity. The PNS is in responsible of the start and maintenance of Neuropathic Pain, despite the fact that the CNS is the major controller of pain. Diseases like diabetes and cancer are connected to a change in lifestyle in today's globe. Concentrating compounds that can boost neurotransmitter release can be used to treat these disorders. Adenosine receptors and sodium channels are the next targets for inflammatory and peripheral neurological diseases.Green tea contains antioxidants such as catechins, EC, EGC, ECG, EGCG, GC, CG, GCG, GCG3ME, ECG3Me, EGCG3Me, and EGCG4Me. This research describes how molecular docking and virtual screening were used to assess the binding potential of green tea catechins for human adenosine A2A receptors and sodium...

  In developed countries, intestinal infections appear to be a significant public health issue. Indigenous peoples are especially vulnerable due to socioeconomic, ecological, environmental, and cultural factors. The prevalence of STH diseases, anemia, and malnutrition among women and children in the Mosul City - Ninevah province was investigated, taking into account demographic and socioeconomic factors. In the present work, 261 patients who revised governmental healthcare centre/North Nineveh were chosen to apply the study in the period between September/2019 and January/2020. Reviser's age was ranged from 1-40 years. They all diagnosed have intestinal parasites. Hemoglobin concentration and RBC count were estimated for each patient.The Prevalence of intestinal parasite was: 34.2% for Entamoeba histolytica, 28.7% for Giardia lamblia, 13.4% for Ancylostomiasis duodenale, 10.3% for Trichuris Trichur, 7.7% for Ascaris lumbricoides, and 5.7% for Hymnologies nana. Intestinal parasites ...

  Chronic kidney disease is a growing global health concern that affects approximately 10 percent of overall worldwide people. High blood pressure and diabetes account for around two-thirds of all cases of chronic kidney disease worldwide. Because the kidneys and eye grow at about the same embryonic period, around the 4th week to 6th week of pregnancy, there is a strong link connecting kidney problems and eye problems. Hence the aim of the study was to carry out evaluation of changes in corneal endothelium in chronic kidney disease. The study included three categories of patients, each with twenty five patients. Stage 5 CKD patients on dialysis were placed in Category A, non-dialyzed stage three and four CKD patients were placed in category B, and healthy controls of matching age were placed in category C. They had their whole blood composition evaluation, concentration of blood urea, concentration of serum creatinine, and concentration of blood sugar levels checked as well. Both e...

  Rehabilitation is key component in the management of people with severe mental illness (SMI). The aim of this article is to explore the need for rehabilitation services for people suffering with SMI and the role of mental health nurses in it. The review material was collected from online database i.e. Research gate, Pubmed, Scopus, CINHAL, and Google scholar. The study concludes that there is a need for user-friendly rehabilitation services across all over India. Mental health nurses play a vital role in assessment, symptom reduction, stigma clarification, physical as well as emotional care in delivering rehabilitation services to consumers, families, and society towards recovery of people with severe mental illness. This paper provides details on various themes of rehabilitation services for people with SMI, as well as the role of mental health nurses in delivering those services. https://jmpas.com/abstract/1094

  Lipid-based nanovesicles are the formulations which are used for the delivery of hydrophilic, hydrophobic and amphiphilic drugs or compounds. They are very helpful for the drugs which are hydrophilic and irritant drugs that can be encapsulated and delivered to the target site. They are very advantageous over conventional formulations. Lipid based nanovesicular systems will efficaciously help the drugs addressing the issues of solubility and penetration thereby promotes bioavailability. Now a days lipid based nanovesicles for transdermal delivery of drug has become very useful especially for hydrophilic drugs. The use of the nanovesicles for transdermal drug delivery will overcome the drawbacks associated with the route of drug delivery, such as oral and parenteral. Lipid based nanocarriers includes liposomes, transferosomes, ethosomes, niosomes, ufasomes, spinghosomes, pharmacosomes etc., This review article describes the types, formulation methods, evaluation and the research wo...

  As new technologies are invented, research in the discovery of new active pharmaceutical moieties is reverberating now a day. Drug solubility is an extensive challenge for formulation scientists as approximately 35-40% of newly discovered drugs show lipophilicity. Low solubility is a rate limiting step for drug dissolution and extends of drug absorption to the systemic circulation. Poor dissolution results in low bioavailability, leading to difficulty to achieve desired therapeutic effect. Drug solubility can be increased by different methods like micronization, solid dispersion, salt formation, complexation etc. Self-micro emulsifying Drug Delivery System (SMEDDS) is in fame for enhancing solubility of poorly aqueous soluble drugs. Self-emulsifying drug delivery system, Self-micro emulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) are isotropic mixers of oil, surfactant, drug and co-solvent which spontaneously form transparent micro-emulsions. When SMEDDS formulation administered orally,...

  One of the promising new disinfectant agents that has recently been suggested as a replacement for traditional decontamination techniques like heat and chemical sanitizers is electrolyzed water. The purpose of this study was to investigate different characteristics of electrolyzed water in order to provide safety and to develop proper sanitation practical guidelines. The tests are carried out by evaluating the chemical, microbiological, and cytotoxicity properties of electrolyzed water. Furthermore, the potency of these disinfectants' sterilization techniques (soaking and spraying) was compared. The findings demonstrate that the electrolyte water has alkaline properties and a shelf life of 7 days. After 1-3 minutes of contact, electrolyzed water has the ability to kill all types of microbes, including bacteria and fungi. The electrolyte water toxicity test and phenol coefficient revealed that it has a low toxicity level and a phenol coefficient of 1-4 to indicator bacteria. Furth...

  The increase in life span of the human being leads to the appearance of new challenges for the health sciences. As a result of getting old, chronic and degenerative diseases started to occupy a predominant role in clinical research in the last decades. It is the case of degenerative processes that occur in the oral cavity after teeth loss.Mandibular residual ridge resorption is a widely studied process from the middle of last century and muchresearch relate this process with multiple factors. Recently, the understanding of the biological processes that occur after tooth extraction has been amplified.In this work, genetic factors involved in mandibular residual ridge resorption are discussed and the relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms of some genes and mandibular residual ridge resorptionare stablished. https://jmpas.com/abstract/1090

  Gestational alcohol exposure impairs bone growth and may cause an increase in osteoporosis and fracture risk later in life. The study aimed to investigate how intrauterine alcohol exposure would impede trabecular morphometric parameters and tensile strength in postnatal 12-week-old rats. Time-mated (n=10) pregnant rats were assigned to an ethanol experimental group (n=5) and a saline control group treated with 0.015ml/g of 25.2% ethanol or 0.9% saline for the initial 19 days of pregnancy through oral gavage, respectively. Two pups from each dam were used, and terminated when aged 12-weeks, and ten paired humerus bones and femora obtained per group. The bones were scanned at 20μm resolution. Bone length, the bone volume to total volume ratio (BV/TV), trabecular thickness (TbTh), number (TbN), and spacing (TbSp) were analysed as well as cortical bone architecture. Then, 3-point bending tests were conducted with a universal tensile tester to obtain the maximum force, displacement, a...

  Anti-ulcer medicines that inhibit the H/K-ATPase enzyme by covalently binding to a cysteine residue of proton pump inhibitors. Through the aforementioned processes, tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 11 (PTPN11) causes aberrant mitogenic signals and elongated morphological alterations, as well as the growth and progression of peptic ulcer and gastric cancer.Piperine is an antioxidant derived from the Piper Longum herb. Molecular docking studies and virtual screening were used to investigate it as an H/K ATPase and PTPN11 inhibitor. The Molecular Docking examination was conducted using the Pyrx 0.8 version free database, while virtual screening was conducted using Biovia Discovery Studio software.H/K-ATPase and PTPN11 have substantial binding affinity of 7.5 and 8.6 kcal/mol, respectively, according to molecular docking investigations. Piperine's anti-ulcer efficacy appears to be aided by H/K-ATPase and PTPN11 binding. https://jmpas.com/abstract/1088