Journal of Medical Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences

  Hip replacement surgery, a significant orthopaedic intervention, is commonly undertaken to address hip pain stemming from aging or injury, particularly among elderly patients. The primary objective of this surgical procedure is to restore the patient's quality of life to its pre-operative state, enabling them to resume normal daily activities. Typically, the posterior approach has been the conventional surgical method for hip replacement, widely practiced both in Indonesia and globally. This evolving trend has sparked interest in comparing the effectiveness and outcomes of the anterior and posterior approaches, particularly concerning critical factors such as operating time, length of hospital stays, need for transfusion, and postoperative mobilization time. In pursuit of a comprehensive understanding, a study was conducted, focusing on patients who underwent hip replacement surgery at Siloam Kupang Hospital. The anterior approach was considered as the case group, while the poste...

  In the medical field, the requirement for automated medical diagnosis software has risen as the application uses machine learning to facilitate health analysis from different data points from a patient comparing it with massive amounts of medical data to diagnose and prevent disease. The automated system can run multiple tests simultaneously and thus resulting to faster turnaround time and enables timely patient care along with higher accuracy and reliability. The irregularities in the small intestine villi’s structure cause various autoimmune disorders. So, this work aims to find a novel technique for the feature extraction of upper endoscopy images of celiac disease. We employed CLAHE (Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization) for the preprocessing step and the Sobel operator with gradient magnitude for the segmentation of the enhanced image. In this manuscript, we have proposed a novel approach by calculating texture features through gray level co-occurrence matrix and...

  The current investigation was characterizing the pharmacognostical screening of the mother plant Albizialebbeck and its in vitro propagated plantlets. The macroscopic analysis showed the presence of various parts of the plants and the anatomical studies revealed the presence of paracytic stomata of equal subsidiary cells; dendroid vein terminations; Thick–walled epidermal cells and parenchymatous ground tissue; cuticular projections with striations in the epidermal cells of a leaf; smaller vascular bundles with lateral veins; thick-walled bundle sheath fibers with thick vascular strands; irregularly lobed sclereids and tannin cells in the upper epidermis of lamina; druse idioblasts in the mesophyll of the leaf; accessory vascular bundles in the petiole were observed in the mother plant, which was compared with the in-vitro micro propagated plantlet with the presence of thick and wide midrib with lamina; Thick leaf margin with thin Phloem; short xylem; vascular showed reduced in s...

  Although the subarachnoid block is the preferred anesthetic technique for the caesarean section, on the downside it is often associated with complications like maternal hypotension. We compared phenylephrine, norepinephrine, and mephentermine infusions to maintain blood pressure during the caesarian section under subarachnoid block. Our study included 240 parturients with singleton-term pregnancies undergoing a caesarian section under spinal anesthesia. Following spinal anesthesia till the delivery of the baby, parturients randomly assigned to three groups received phenylephrine, norepinephrine, and mephentermine infusions. Heart rate, blood pressure, intra-operative nausea and vomiting, neonatal Apgar score, and total rescue vasopressors required were analyzed. Except at 4 min (p=0.006), ANOVA revealed no statistically significant difference in systolic blood pressure between the groups across all time points. Systolic blood pressure showed a significant difference between the m...

  Amaranthus tricolor L., Amaranthus spinosus L., and Amaranthus viridis L. are well-known for flavoring food products and traditional medicine. This study investigated the antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of various solvent fractions from the whole plant of A. tricolor, A. spinosus, and A. viridis in Vietnam. The total extract and solvent fractions of petroleum ether (PE), chloroform (CF), ethyl acetate (EA), n-butanol (B), and water (W) were tested for antioxidant activity using the DPPH assay and α-glucosidase inhibition. The results showed that the three species of Amaranthus had relatively low antioxidant activity, and the total extract of A. spinosus L. had the highest antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 324.96 μg/mL. The EA fraction of A. tricolor had outstanding α-glucosidase inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 95.94 μg/mL. It is recommended to continue isolation research to find active ingredients with α-glucosidase inhibition potential in the...

  The current research study aimed to study Isolated phytocompounds of Aspidopterys sps (A. indica and A.cordata) by invitro antihypertensive activity, in-silico molecular docking, and ADME/T analysis. The preceding reports had revealed a fact of polyphenols and triterpenoids have an ability to control blood pressure by inhibition of Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE). The isolated ligands Catechin, Isoorientin, Fisetin, and Ursolic acid (A , B, C and D) tested for ACE inhibition, docked with target Human Angiotensin-converting enzyme employing Autodock 4.2, drug-likeliness, physicochemical nature, toxicity prediction by Swiss ADME, ProTox tools available online. All phytoconstituents showed optimistic dose-responsive inhibition, Compounds exhibited magnificent IC50 (15.38 ± 0.53) μg/ml, B (20.21± 0.34 μg/ml), C (17.62 ± 0.78 μg/ml), D (23.98 ± 0.65 μg/ml), Captopril (15.86±0.32 μg/ml). Molecule A showed utmost binding energy (-7.3 K.cal/mol) significant alignment with target prot...

  We are all interested in knowing- whether genes and drugs can increase our life-span. As per Bible, Methuselah's lifespan lasted for a total of 969 years. Recent research has identified the Methuselah gene, a specific DNA segment that holds the potential to promote robust and healthy aging. This discovery opens new avenues for the development of pharmaceutical interventions aimed at extending human lifespan. Aging, a complex process influenced by natural selection, has evolved over time, adapting to factors such as cellular senescence and genetic instability. Research on aging has extensively employed invertebrate models like cnidarians, worms, flies, and yeast. Utilizing genetic methodologies with these organisms has resulted in the identification of numerous aging genes. Remarkably, there is compelling evidence of evolutionary conservation within longevity pathways across diverse species, including mammals. In search of omic study, we would consider data from another set of exp...

  Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are a wide range of neurological conditions characterized by the deterioration of neurons, glial cells, synapses, and other networks. Parkinson’s disease is one of the second most common neurodegenerative disorders after Alzheimer’s disease. Erucic acid, an omega-9 monounsaturated fatty acid, was reported to be commonly present in mustard oil. Erucic acid was also reported to have neuro protective and antioxidant benefits in a number of pre-clinical trials conducted in the past. In the present study, erucic acid, linoleic acid, and Riluzole were evaluated using a molecular docking-based technique based on their binding affinities and other physicochemical characteristics of the compounds. PYRX 0.8 was used for molecular docking between ligands and the various antioxidant and neurotransmitter-associated proteins, and Discovery Studio Visualizer 2020 was used to create the visualization. Additionally, Lipinski's rule of five was used to forecast whe...

  Ephedra foeminea has been increasingly recognized for its anti-cancer properties. The current study evaluated the anti-oxidant and anti-cancer activities of the methanol extract of E. foeminea (EFME). The extract was evaluated for cytotoxic effects against mouse breast cancer 4T1 cells, and camptothecin was used as a standard anti-cancer drug for comparison. The anti-oxidant activity was determined by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging effect while the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, cell invasion assay, scratch assay and cell cycle analysis were used for evaluation of its anti-cancer potential.In the MTT assay on 4T1 cells, viability was preserved at ≥86% when treated at 12.5 μg/ml, with an IC50 concentration of 40.09 μg/ml. Further, the extract increased the cell invasion in the invasion assay, while a reduced cell migration was observed in the scratch assay. Cell cycle analysis using flow cytometry demonstr...

  A higher implant failure rate may be associated with a lack of primary stability. Primary stability is a stationary, entirely mechanical parameter that determines when an implant is placed. Several methods have been developed to improve the primary implant's level of stability. However, Osseo-densification (OD) is a revolutionary implant preparation approach that addresses these issues and enhances the main stability of implants inserted into low-density bones. In light of this, the present systematic review was conducted to understand the Osseo-densification for preservation and compaction of alveolar bone in enhancing the stability of the dental implant. Research papers from PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Web of Science, Medline searched. The most recent literature suggests that using the Osseo-densification drilling protocol increases the overall value of implant insertion torque and, consequently, increases the primary stability of implants. To evaluate the caliber of th...

  The recognized root causes of breast cancer aggressiveness, resistance to therapy, and poor prognosis encompass hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), the HIF-dependent cancer hallmarks angiogenesis and metabolic reconfiguration.There is enough evidence to suggest that HIF is involved in the progression of breast cancer.Information for the network was gathered from the following databases: Dr. Duke's, IMPPAT, PubChem, Binding DB, UniProt, and DisGeNET. The network was created using the Cytoscapeprogramme. Screened bioactives having similarity index more than 0.6 from polypharmacology approach were subjected to docking studies with HIF-1 (PDB ID: 1H2K) with PyRx software and the ligands with good docking score was further explored for molecular docking interaction analysis. The number of bioactives having interaction with HIF-1, equal to or greater than 0.6 from Ashwagandh, Shatavari, Neem, Alsi seeds, Methi, Haldi, Ghritkumari, Yashtimadhu, and KadiPatta was 12, 9, 2, 6, 12, 11, 5, 10...

  Metal nanoparticles typically exhibit sizes ranging from 1 to 100 nanometers and can be produced by several techniques, such as green synthesis and chemical synthesis. This study focuses on the green synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO-NPs) using aerial extract of Christia vespertilionis. The observation of CuO-NPs formation was made based on the variations in colour exhibited by the extract mixture following the introduction of copper (II) sulphate (CuSO4). The synthesised nanoparticles underwent characterization utilising various instrumentation techniques, including UV-Vis spectrophotometry, FTIR, TEM, SEM, EDX, and TGA. The antibacterial activity of these nanoparticles was assessed by using disc diffusion method, against selected Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The investigation also encompassed an examination of the combined effect of the nanoparticles and the antibiotic Ciprofloxacin on antibacterial activity. In this study, it was noted that the maximum ...

  Mimosa pudica L. is one of the most recognized plant belonging to the family Fabaceae or Leguminosae. Originally, the plant is native to South America and Central America but nowadays it has been introduced to other regions too. The plant is commonly known as touch-me-not or sensitive plant due to its nyctinastic movements. These movements have attracted researchers globally for further in-depth exploration of this plant. Ethnomedicinally, the plant is used for the treatment of leprosy, dysentery, vaginal and uterine complications, inflammations, burning sensation, asthma, leucoderma, fatigue and blood-related diseases. Phytochemical screening reported the existence of various phytocompounds such as alkaloids, sterols, glycosides, mucilages, flavonoids, tannins, non- protein amino acids, flavonoid C- glycosides, terpenoids and fatty acids etc. Among all compounds, Mimosine is found as the major alkaloid, which is might be responsible for its numerous pharmacological efficacies. W...

  Purslane plant (Portulaca oleracea L.) is a type of wild plant that grows abundantly, but its benefits are rarely known. Purslane contains saponins, which have high antioxidant and biological activity. Skin that is sensitive to sun exposure is the issue this nanospray is targeting. The aim of this research is to determine the optimal formulation of herbal nanospray products with Purslane sunscreen to treat skin problems caused by sun exposure. The research method used was an experimental method with research stages starting from plant determination, extract making, nanospray formulation determination, preparation evaluation, in vivo UV protection activity test, and in vitro SPF test. Quantitative descriptive analysis was carried out using Microsoft Excel and SPSS Version 24. There were significant differences in erythema (lesions on the skin) between the 4 treatment groups, with significant differences in the negative control and positive control groups, as well as the group give...

  Recently,isoindoline-1,3-dione compounds based folpet, phosmet, captonand thalidomide were developed because they have a comparable degree of anti-proliferative efficacy owing to their diverse mechanisms such as HDAC inhibitors, tryptase inhibitors, inhibits the mode of tnf-α, and angiogenesis inhibitors. It was investigated how the phthalimide pharmacophore interacted with molecules such tnf-α, HDAC, VEGF, EGF, and Tyrosine Kinase Angiogenesis. In order to assess the inhibitory activity against enzyme assay, a series of phthalimidepharmacophores with various substituent’s (Schiff's base) at the N-phenyl ring were submitted to protein-ligand docking investigations using the lib-dock method in the current work. All of the compounds' chemical structures were designed using Cambridge software, ChemBioOffice Ultra 12.0, and their molecular characteristics were determined using the online molecular modelling tool Molinspiration. Utilizing the Discovery Studio Client version 4.1, A...

  The objective of this investigation was to determine the toxicity, anti-anemia activity, betanin content, flavonoid content, and antioxidant capacity of Beta vulgaris L. Microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) was implemented to optimize the extraction procedure. The total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) of the extracts were determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu colorimetric and aluminum chloride methods, respectively. Furthermore, the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method was employed to ascertain antioxidant capacity, whereas thin-layer chromatography was used to identify betanin content. The toxicity and anti-anemia properties were assessed in silico. The in-silico methods encompass several steps: ligand and target protein synthesis, docking of betanin compounds with the erythropoietin receptor (EpoR) target protein via SwissDock, docking data visualization via USCF Chimera, and toxicity analysis via the pkCSM and Protox online tools.The findings indi...