Journal of Medical Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences

  Around the world, anemia affects up to one-half of children younger than five years. The most well-known reason for anemia is not getting enough iron. A child who is anemic does not have enough Red blood cells or enough hemoglobin. Hemoglobin is a protein that lets red blood cells carry oxygen to other cells in the body. Iron is a mineral that carries oxygen in the blood, and is particularly important for children because of their rapid growth. Here in this study our aim is to analyze a young anemia child with all basic parameters and scrutiny in dietary supervision. In initial stage, the child hemoglobin content had become too low and was advised for a Packet red blood cell transfusion 10ml/kg. The patient was taking liquid diet by rigid thermal foil from central therapeutic kitchen. He was taking 50ml into 4 feed 3 hourly. Apart from the therapeutic kitchen iron rich foods such as carrot/ apple/ sorghum/ beet / pomegranate was suggested. We found the patient improvement in bioc...

  Abiraterone acetate is a steroidal progesterone derivative that inhibits the enzymes CYP17A1, CYP11B1, and the androgen receptor antagonist. It is clinically used in adrenal, testicular, and prostatic cancer. Abiraterone has limited use, due to poor water solubility and low oral bioavailability  https://jmpas.com/abstract/822

  Virtual reality has tremendously accelerated the rate of recovery along with active patient participation in the field of health sciences. Researches show that this revolutionary technology has shown miraculous results particularly in the fields of neurosciences, musculoskeletal science and psychology. Various studies focusing on conditions like Depression, Parkinson’s disease, ADHD, PTSD, Stroke, etc. have shown some promising results. Virtual reality immersion therapy (VRIT) or Virtual reality exposure therapy (VRET) is designed to isolate the user from their surrounding sensory inputs and an illusion of immersion inside a computer-generated interactive environment is provided which makes the therapy not only interesting and entertaining but also motivating and effective. In this study, 50 participants will be enrolled. All the participants will be recruited as per the inclusion criteria and will be given a 30minute Oculus quest therapy for 4 consequent weeks per day. Appropria...

 The Bardet–Biedl syndrome (BBS) is a rare ciliopathic human autosomal-recessive disorder, which is characterized principally by cardinal symptoms of marked central obesity, retinal dystrophy, polydactyly, mental retardation and hypogonadism and renal dysfunction.We report a case of 24 year old boy with Bardet-Biedl Syndrome, having classical symptomslike central obesity, hypogonadism, brachydactyly and strabismus. Laboratory investigations show reduced hemoglobin (6.1) and reduced WBC (700). Kidney function test (KFT) revealed an increased Urea level (130 mg/dl) and creatine (6.6mg/dl). Liver function test revealed (LFT) near normal bilirubin levels (1.4 mg/dl). CXR revealed subpleural fibrotic bands. Physiotherapy intervention included positioning, breathing re-training, chest PNF techniques, limb mobility exercises and HEP. The evidence from this study suggest that inpatient physiotherapy intervention plays a vital role in managing a patient with a rare case of Bardet-beidl synd...

  Children with congenital heart disease (CHD) have compromised physiological function compared to normal with the same age and anthropometric measure. Physiologic cost index (PCI) calculated the energy expenditure and gives an idea about the same during walking. So the present observational study calculates the energy expenditure in repaired congenital heart disease patient and provides the baseline for a goal to achieve during any rehabilitation program by comparing with the normal. To compare the PCI between repaired congenital heart disease patients and healthy children. The study design is observational. Total 40 participants were selected as per the criteria for inclusion and exclusion i.e. 20 healthy children and 20 with repaired congenital heart disease. Duration of the study will be for six months. The six-minute walk was performed according to guidelines, and PCI was calculated using the Macgregor’s formula. In all the variables found of 6MWT, statically significant diffe...

  The study aimed to compare the effect of Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation strengthening (PNF Strengthening) Vs. Proprioceptive neuromuscular stretching (PNF Stretching) on Glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Four hundred five type 2 diabetes mellitus patients were randomly allocated in Control group (Group A; n=138), Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation strengthening group (Group B; n=135) and Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching group (Group C; n=132).HbA1c was measured pre and post intervention to examine the effect on blood glucose level. This study show that both PNF strengthening and PNF stretching have been effective in reduction of blood glucose level (p< 0> https://jmpas.com/abstract/1087

  In recent years, nanoscience has drug development and has taken a new slant, that have proven difficult with traditional dosage forms in drug delivery.Nanoparticles, liposomes, niosomes, quantum dots and Aquasomes are the examples of nanomaterials are just a few examples of nano-biotechnologically created carrier systems. The nano-particulate self-assembled carrier system is anew approachas well as ideal choice for the administration of drugs. Aquasomes proved to be important drug delivery system of ceramic nanoparticles.These are three-tiered framework composed of a core made of solid crystals and adsorbed biologically active drug molecules are coated with carbohydrates.Aquasomes formulations are typically administered via the intravenous route.Aquasomes have the ability to maintain conformational consistency and have a high level of exposure to the surface, making them ideal for the transportation of molecules made up of peptides as well as vaccine and gene delivery to specific...

  Aim of the present study was to formulate and evaluate Domperidone maleate mucoadhesive system using Cassia fistula L. seed mucilage as a natural polymer. Firstly, Cassia fistula L. seed mucilage was extracted and evaluated for phytochemical screening, solubility studies, swelling index, viscosity, and surface tension. Then, domperidone maleate mucoadhesive systems were prepared with and without the Cassia fistula L. seed mucilage by direct compression method. Phytochemical screening resulted the presence of secondary metabolite especially polysaccharide in good amount. Results of hardness, friability, drug content and swelling index were satisfactory. The mucoadhesive strength of the prepared tablets can increase the residence time and eventually improve the bioavailability of the drug as evidenced from in vitro mucoadhesion strength andin vitrorelease studies. Interestingly, developed mucoadhesive system showed remarkablecontrolon there lease rate. Conclusively, the results sug...

  Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) adds a significant burden for health-care workers. In India there is a significant rise in prevalence of Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus recently. Treatment has become very difficult among the resistant Staphylococcal isolates. Currently vancomycin and linezolid are the commonly used antibiotics. But these drugs have their adverse effects. Hence improved bactericidal antibiotics with increased tissue penetration and low possibility of developing resistance and safe to be used in chronic cases should be used for management of Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections. The drug Levonadifloxacin acts actively against Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Quinolone - resistant Staphylococcus aureus phenotypes. Recently in India, levonadifloxacin has been approved for the treatment of various infections like acute bacterial skin and soft tissue infections with complicating blood stream infections and...

  The emergency of new Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains leads to multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR) and total drug resistant tuberculosis (TDR) indicating the urgency in the development of newer anti-tubercular agents to be effective against the resistance strains. In the present study pharmacophore modelling and atom-based 3D-QSAR of 4-Aminoquinoline derivatives was carried out to understand the key structural features responsible for anti-tb activity. Phase module of Schrödinger was used to generate a five-point Pharmacophore for 46 molecules belonging to 4-Aminoquinolines. The best scoring hypothesis (ADHHR_1) had one H-bond Acceptor (A1), one H-bond donor (D5), two Hydrophobic regions (H10 and H11) and one Ring (R14) with a good regression coefficient of 0.9604. The validity of the hypothesis was judged by the cross-validation coefficient (Q2= 0.7885) and Pearson- r (0.9158) followed by the external validation which showed high predictive power. Newer molecules were desi...

  Fish collagen derived from its skins, scales or bones are known to have many advantages in medical and pharmaceutical applications. This study evaluates the effectiveness of collagen extracted from the scales of local Malaysian Oreochromis niloticus or red Nile tilapia fish, on wound healing in an animal model. 21 male BALB/c mice were divided into three different groups namely the control group, Oreochromis niloticus acid-solubilized collagen extracts treated group; and acriflavine treated group. A full thickness surgical wound of about 1.5 cm were inflicted on the dorsal area of the animal. Treatment with collagen extracts and acriflavine were applied daily on the wounds and measured every day for 9 days. The mice were randomly sacrificed on day 3, 6, and 9, and the skin samples were taken for histological assessment. After 3 days, treatment with collagen extracts and acriflavine recorded an average wound measurement of 7.84±0.32 mm and 7.14±0.32, respectively. On day 9, the pr...

  Neuroinflammation is an essential player in the progression of Parkinson’s disease and other neurodegenerative disorders, according to post-mortem findings. Ligands that contribute to Neuroinflammation are Pathogen-associated molecular patterns and damage-associated molecular patterns that bind to Pattern Recognition Receptors and immune receptors, causing inflammation and additional neuritis damage. Glial cells play a vital role in Neuroinflammation; they create a range of complex structures in the brain that help maintain homeostasis and defenses; among neuroglia cells, microglia in response to noxious stimuli polarizes into microglial inflammatory phenotype 1 or microglial immunosuppressive phenotype 2 responses. Therapeutic opportunity exists by regressing microglial inflammatory phenotype 1 polarization and boosting microglial immunosuppressive phenotype 2, thereby decreasing inflammatory assault by limiting pro-inflammatory agents and encouraging anti-inflammatory response....

  Epilepsy is a chronic disorder that causes recurrent seizures. A structural cerebra cortical lesion causes partial seizures, which can be simple or complex. Inherited neural characteristics and neuronal networks may be altered by brain trauma, resulting in recurrent excitatory activity. Anticonvulsant medications in clinical usage can be split into three classes based on their method of action those that enhance gammaamino butyric acid argic neurotransmission and those mechanisms of activities unknown. The current review highlights the recent novel therapies which include herbal approaches and biotechnological therapies. Herbal approaches play a vital role in the treatment of epilepsy as herbs have omparatively lesser side-effects as compare to synthetic or semi synthetic therapies. In the present review, an attempt has been made to establish theco-relation between chemical constituents of herbs and their pharmacological actions. Further, the present review also emphasizes novel ...

  Generally, phytochemicals have activity on multi-targets and such molecules have been used as effective drugs against the diseases caused by multi-factorial causation like diabetes mellitus (DM). Plectranthus vettiveroides (Jacob) N.P. Singh & B.D. Sharma has been used as a polychrest against various diseases including type II diabetes in tradition system of medicine. The present investigation aimed to validate anti-diabetic property of the root derived essential oil of P. vettiveroides and identification of leads with activity on six targets of DM through in silico method. A total of 78 phytochemicals determined through Gas chromatography –mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of the essential oil were docked with each of the six selected targets namely 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1, dipeptidyl peptidase IV, protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1B, human pancreatic alpha-amylase, human lysosomal acid-alpha-glucosidase, and phosphorylated insulin receptor tyrosine kinase. The ...

  Galantamine is generally common in the treatment of Alzheimer’s in old people. Galantamine is also used in combination treatments for Alzheimer. Different analytical techniques such as Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Reverse Phase-High Performance Liquid Chromatography,High Performance Liquid Chromatography, Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography, and Ultraviolet Visible spectrometric method areused in the determination and validation of galantamine and its interactions. Different articles were reviewed and the results were found to be accurate and prudent in determining galantamine in human plasma and also other body fluids. Pharmacokinetic and bioequivalence investigations performed in different articles were summarized. All the methods stated in this article proves precise values and were found to be successful in determining and validating the drug galantamine and its interactions.Every method reviewed in this article are different from each other. This article summ...

  The main aim of the study includes analyzing the protective effects of sesamol of testicular in arsenic-induced toxicity. Primarily there have been different treatments and sample preparation methods that includethe mixing of drugs seasonal and arsenic, as they were immersed into the aqueous solution of tween 80 and further arsenic stabilisation was done using gum of 0.2%. A total of four groups, each group having 8 rats selected. Testicular catalase is decreased in arsenic treated rats whereas testicular (Glutathione synthetase) GSH, testicular (nitric oxide) NO and testicular malondialdehyde are increased in arsenic treated rats. These indicate sesamol has a protective effect against arsenic induced testicular toxicity. https://jmpas.com/abstract/1077

  Covid-19 vaccine hesitancy due to the disinformation related to Covid-19 infection and vaccination remains a major problem to deal with during this pandemic in Indonesia. This study aims to examine the factors associated with Covid-19 vaccine hesitancy and identify the Covid-19 vaccine acceptance rate among the urban community in Indonesia. A cross-sectional survey using a developed questionnaire based on the scientific literature was conducted online from March to May 2021 among the urban community in Semarang, Yogyakarta, and Surabaya cities. A total of 1200 individuals older than 18 years old were selected to participate by convenience sampling technique. The questionnaire is divided into three parts to assess the characteristics of respondents, their perception of Covid-19 and vaccination, and their opinion towards Covid-19 disinformation. Data were analyzed descriptively and the association between participant’s characteristics and willingness to Covid-19 vaccination was inv...

  In Recent year's medication obstruction is a quickly developing issue over the whole world in the treatment of infectious diseases. The widespread use of broad-spectrum antibiotics produced antibiotic resistance for many human bacterial pathogens. Anyways right now, nanotechnology research has been engaging more in restorative businesses with various advantages because of the way that surface area to volume proportion of Nanoparticles is quite large. In this exploration work, Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) are prepared by using a reducing agent like sodium borohydride and capping agent Polyvinylpyrrolidone. The prepared AgNPs and Cefixime-loaded AgNPs were subjected to characterization like particle size, FT-IR, X-ray diffraction. In addition, the AgNPs draw much interest in the account of their powerful antibacterial movement. The antibacterial activity of AgNPs and Cefixime-loaded AgNPs was checked against the bacterial culture of Staphylococcus Aureus. The zone of inhibition AgN...

  The present study was aimed to control and prolong the release of Dapsone by formulating and microspheres and incorporating in to a gel dosage form for topical application with a reduced frequency of application and hence lesser known side effects. The microspheres were prepared using suspension polymerization method. An increase in concentration of the polymer was found to increase the particle size along with the amount of entrapped drug. The surface of the microspheres was found to be smooth. In vitro drug release of microspheres exhibited a biphasic release pattern with an initial burst release effect. The release kinetics data best fitted with first order kinetics and the Higuchi matrix data was able to explain the controlled release of drug from the microspheres. The gel formulations made from the microspheres (DM4, (drug: polymer, 1:4)) possessed all the physicochemical evaluation parameters within acceptable limits. The in vitro diffusion data made it evident that the gel...

  An accurate, rapid and simple reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) bioanalytical method was developed for estimation of Azelnidipine (AZP) and Olmesartan medoxomil (OLM)in human plasma. The AZP, OLM and internal standard (IS) were extracted by liquid-liquid extraction technique. Chromatographic separation was accomplished using BDS Hypersil C18, 250 mm X 4.6 mm, 5μ analytical column. The mobile phase consisted of Acetonitrile: Water, pH adjusted with ortho-phosphoric acid in the ratio 60:40 with flow rate of 1ml/min. Detection and quantification were performed by UV detector at 256 nm. The retention times were found to be 10.05±0.02, 4.3±0.02 and 6.9±0.02 for AZP, OLM and IS respectively. The linearity range was found to be 0.5 to 12 μg /ml and 1 to 15 μg /ml for AZP and OLM respectively.The method was validated as per CDER guideline, was found to be suitable for analysis in biological fluid. https://jmpas.com/abstract/1073

  Cassia auriculata, Centella asiatica and Zingiber officinale are belongs to the family Leguminosae, Apiaceae and Zingiberaceae respectively. These herbs possess abundant remedial benefits and are used traditionally to treat numerous illnesses. The standardization of these crude drugs is essential to gain information on their identity and quality. WHO recommended parameters were used to standardize the plant materials. Dried raw powder of Cassia auriculata leaf, Centella asiatica leaf and Zingiber officinale rhizome were subjected to macroscopic and microscopic evaluation followed by physicochemical evaluations such as loss on drying, ash values and extractive values. Further, the plant materials were extracted with hydroalcoholic solvent (Alcohol: Water ratio is 70:30) by cold maceration process and subjected to qualitative phytochemical investigation. The identity and purity of the plant material had been proven by its organoleptic characteristics. Detailed structural characteri...

  Paronema canescens also known as sungkai, has been traditionally used for its medicinal properties, including its analgesic effects.This study aimed to determine the analgesic effect of the ethanol extract of P. canescens leaves in rats. The analgesic effect was tested with the hot plate test. The muscarinic, dopamine and opiate receptors were investigated to examine the underlying mechanism. The rats were assigned to five groups: negative control, positive control, and treatment groups 100, 200, and 400 mg/kgbody weight (BW).The mechanism of the analgesic action for each receptor (muscarinic, dopamine, and opiate) was tested with 12 rats using the dose with the highest analgesic effect as determined by the hot plate test that had been performed before. The comparison between the 100 mg/kg BW group and the positive control showed no significant differences (p > 0.05), while the 200 and 400 mg/kg BW groups were significantly different (p < 0> 0.05). The ethanol extract of...

  Proper monitoring of maternal near miss as proposed by World Health Organisation provides a good opportunity for checking the quality of obstetric care and forming new strategies for the improvement of maternal health across the globe. The objective of present study was to assess and analyse the incidence of Maternal Near Miss and maternal mortality by using evaluation criteria of World Health Organisation. The present study was prospective observational study conducted at SHKM Government Medical College, Nalhar (Mewat), Haryana from the time period of January 2019 to December 2020. The study population included all the pregnant females who fulfilled the World Health Organisation criteria of maternal near miss were enrolled; their clinical and investigation parameters were recorded. In the present study, a total 7691 obstetric cases were admitted and 7219 were live births. The Maternal Near Miss cases were 292, and 48 were maternal deaths. Majority of patients were post natal and...