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Pharmacovigilance: strengthening drug safety through monitoring and reporting

  Pharmacovigilance is essential to clinical research and is a key element in guaranteeing the safety of medications. It is described as the study and practice of recognizing, evaluating, understanding, and averting adverse medication reactions or other problems.The goal of pharmacovigilance, a continuous monitoring procedure, is to identify and address safety concerns with medications that are currently on the market. The review's primary focus is on the purpose, necessity, and role of medicine regulation. Lately drug surveillance has been limited, mostly to identify previously undiscovered or unfavorable drug events that are not well understood. A lot of drug safety facilities are currently striving to monitor medication safety in this universal arena; yet, at the turn of the decade, medication surveillance faces significant obstacles in the area of improved drug administration and control. Pill security, global monitoring centers and their role, reach, necessity, cooperation, an...
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Case study on hypertensive crisis in a 27-year-old male patient without any prior history of hypertension

  Hypertensive emergency is the severe increase in blood pressure that can cause end organ damage. The organs are usually brain, heart, eyes and kidney. Retinal blood vessels are harmed by persistent hypertension, which causes a number of anatomical abnormalities. Blindness or visual impairment may ensue if treatment is not received. These symptoms can be subtle and may not necessarily cause significant concern. However, the condition progresses, more advanced symptoms can develop including vision loss, distorted vision, retinal detachment and vitreous haemorrhage. Hypertensive crisis may also damage kidney. A 27 years old male patient with a past history of chronic hepatitis B suddenly developed blurring of vision and headache with elevated blood pressure of about 210/140 mmHg. Patient then was treated with injection labetalol. Labetalol effectively manages acute hypertensive crisis. Addition of other antihypertensives and diuretics paves way for the better management of patient’s...
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Therapeutic potential of Raphanus sativus var. L ethyl acetate fraction in hyperlipidemic and hyperglycemic wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus)

  Cardiovascular diseases (CVD), primarily driven by hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia, represent a significant global health burden. Effective treatments for these conditions are often inaccessible, particularly in low-income populations, which underscores the importance of exploring alternative therapeutic approaches. This study investigates the anti-hyperlipidemic and anti-hyperglycemic effects of the ethyl acetate fraction from Raphanus sativus var. L. (white radish) in male Wistar rats. The fraction demonstrated significant cholesterol-lowering effects, reducing total serum cholesterol levels in hyperlipidemic rats from 216.4 ± 8.08 mg/dl to 110 ± 4.89 mg/dl. Additionally, it lowered blood glucose levels in hyperglycemic rats from 446.6 ± 46.19 mg/dl to 335 ± 69.31 mg/dl. These findings suggest that white radish extract, particularly the ethyl acetate fraction, holds potential as a natural therapeutic agent for managing hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia. https://jmpas.com/abstra...
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Development and evaluation of Nanocarrier-based triple antibiotic aerosol spray for targeted treatment of burns and diabetic foot ulcers

  This study focuses on developing a nanocarrier-based aerosol formulation for the topical treatment of burns and diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs), which are often associated with severe complications like infections, amputations, and delayed healing. A Triple Antibiotic Topical Aerosol Spray (TATAS) containing Metronidazole, Mupirocin, and Norfloxacin was formulated to provide broad-spectrum antimicrobial coverage, sustained drug release, and enhanced patient compliance. Eudragit E100 and Isopropyl Myristate (IPM) were selected as the primary polymer and penetration enhancer, respectively, after compatibility and solubility studies. A 3² full factorial design was used to optimize the formulation. Among various batches, batch F7 demonstrated cumulative drug release rates of 79.45% (Metronidazole), 80.75% (Mupirocin), and 79.66% (Norfloxacin) over 24 hours. Physicochemical properties of F7, including a pH of 6.32, viscosity of 3.48 cps, and density of 0.798 g/ml, ensured stability and ea...
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Bio-analytical study of Efonidipine Hydrochloride Ethanolate and Telmisartan in human plasma by RP-HPLC

  Hypertension is now commonly treated with two or three-drug combinations, often using two drugs. So, a binary drug combination was selected for this analytical study. The formulation comprises Efonidipine HCl Ethanolate (EFN) and Telmisartan (TEL), which treat cardiovascular conditions such as hypertension. Amlodipine was used as the Internal Standard (IS) to develop and validate a new and reliable RP-HPLC analytical technique for the simultaneous analysis of EFN and TEL in human plasma. Method novelty, sensitivity, rapidity, precision, and accuracy were evaluated. https://jmpas.com/abstract/1355
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Immediate effect of one-fifth, one-third, and half of body weight lumbar traction on disc morphology in patients with disc herniation - a case series

  Lumbar traction is a widely utilized treatment option for lumbar disc herniation; however, the optimal traction dosage remains uncertain. This study intending to compare the immediate effects of varying traction weights on disc morphology and pain levels using real time MRI in individuals with Lumbar disc herniation, addressing a critical gap in clinical practice. in human plasma. Method novelty, sensitivity, rapidity, precision, and accuracy were evaluated. Three patients, (60-year-old female, a 60-year-old male, and a 64-year-old male), with diagnosed with posterior or posterolateral lumbar intervertebral disc herniation at the L4-L5 or L5-S1 levels were enrolled. Real time MRI used to assess were lumbar height and disc herniation, while pain intensity was evaluated using Visual analogue Scale (VAS). Traction was applied at three different weights: one fifth, one third and one half of each patient’s body weight. Measurements were taken before and after traction session. Tractio...
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Smoking cessation interventions for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A prospective study

  Tobacco smoking is a primary contributor to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, significantly impairing respiratory health. Understanding the risks of smoking and the benefits of cessation is vital for improving patient outcomes. The study aims to provide smoking cessation interventions for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), assess smoking indices and cessation status, develop Patient Information Leaflets (PILs), enhance medication adherence, and establish comprehensive smoking cessation guidelines. This prospective interventional study was conducted at a super specialty hospital over 12 months. A total of 128 participants were recruited, equally divided into an intervention group and a control group. Participants completed a questionnaire assessing their knowledge and willingness to quit smoking, followed by personalized counseling. The intervention group received individualized quit smoking programs, PILs, and used the 'Breathe Easy Diary' to tra...
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